Abstract：Due to high-voltage excitation, high-frequency mechanical vibration, and friction drive principle, high-power linear ultrasonic motors (HPLUMs) demonstrate complicated thermal-mechanical-electrical coupling dynamics under continuous operating conditions. Traditional field-based simulation methods and lumped parameter-based analytical methods are difficult to balance calculation accuracy and analysis efficiency when addressing the multi-physics coupled issues of ultrasonic motors. Existing multi-physics models for ultrasonic motors focus on stator performance rather than the comprehensive performance of motors under the multi-field coupling effect. Therefore, this paper proposes a field-circuit combination analysis methodology to analyze the piezo-thermal-structure multi-physics coupling of ultrasonic motors, considering the inherent electrical- vibration-thermal coupled effect. Furthermore, the electrical characteristics, temperature rise characteristics, actuating performance, and mechanical strength of critical components in HPLUMs under multi-field coupling effects can be evaluated. Firstly, the piezo-structure coupled finite element model (FEM) and thermal-structure coupled FEM for a V-shape HPLUM are constructed from the field viewpoint. Secondly, the stator's electrical-vibration-thermal coupled loss model and a 2D thermal network model (TNM) are constructed from the circuit viewpoint. Thirdly, considering temperature-caused resonant frequency drifting behavior and real roughness at the contact interface, an analytical actuating performance model (APM) of the HPLUM is constructed. Finally, the results from modal and harmonic response analysis based on the piezo-structure coupled FEM are used as inputs into thermal- structure coupled FEM, circuit-based loss model and 2D TNM, and APM. The temperature rise for different stator components based on TNM is coupled to the thermal-structure coupled FEM, circuit-based loss model, and APM, forming a field-circuit combination calculation loop. Simulation results show complex nonlinear relationships between electrical characteristics (input voltage and current) and temperature rise characteristics. The rise in temperature for different stator parts shows considerable differences, and the peak temperature occurs at piezoelectric ceramics (PZT). The driving tip and the joint of the clamping end encounter maximum thermal stress, and the nominal thermal stress exceeds 60 MPa at the interface between PZT and metal caps. Actuating performance remarkably decreases with the rise in temperature due to resonant frequency drift. Comparison between the simulation and the experimental results verifies the multi-field model. The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation and experimental analysis: (1) Compared with traditional multi-physics analysis methods, the proposed field-circuit combination method effectively reduces computational costs and evaluates the comprehensive performance of HPLUMs under multi-field coupling effects. Therefore, applying the proposed method for the multi-physics optimization design of HPLUMs is appropriate. (2) The calculation loop clarifies the electrical-vibration-thermal two-way coupled dynamics in ultrasonic motors, providing valuable insights for design optimization and performance evaluation.
李响, 郭鹏涛, 丁远. 基于场路结合的大功率直线超声波电机压电-热-结构多物理场分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(2): 423-433.
Li Xiang, Guo Pengtao, Ding Yuan. Piezo-Thermal-Structure Coupling Analysis for High-Power Linear Ultrasonic Motor Based on Field-Circuit Combination Method. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(2): 423-433.
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2024, Vol. 39 
