Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification of Stray Loss of Laminated Magnetic Components for Transformers under AC-DC Hybrid Excitation
Zhao Xiaojun1, Cao Yuezhi1, Liu Lanrong2, Wang Jiawen3, Cheng Zhiguang2
1. Department of Electrical Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding 071003 China; 2. Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic＆Structural Performance of Power Transmission and Transformation Equipment Baoding 071056 China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China
Abstract：Based on the TEAM-P21c benchmark model, the numerical simulation and experimental verification methods of the stray-field loss of laminated magnetic components in transformers under AC-DC hybrid excitation are thoroughly studied. For determining the stray-field loss of the structural part more accurately, an improved method based on experiments considering the difference of coil loss under no-load and load conditions is proposed. An enhanced measurement system based on TEAM-P21c for the magnetic and loss characteristics of silicon steel laminations was established. An iron loss model considering the influence of the DC-biased magnetic field was proposed, and it was used to calculate the stray-field loss of laminated magnetic components under the excitation of 3-D leakage magnetic field. By comparing the simulation and experimental results of the magnetic field and loss, the validity of this method is verified. Finally, based on the simulation and measurement results, the influence of the DC-biased magnetic field on the stray-field loss was analyzed. Hence, the distribution and effect on the stray-field loss of the additional loss in the magnetic component under the AC-DC hybrid excitation are obtained.
赵小军, 曹越芝, 刘兰荣, 王佳雯, 程志光. 交直流混合激励下变压器用叠片式磁构件杂散损耗问题的数值模拟及实验验证[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(1): 141-150.
Zhao Xiaojun, Cao Yuezhi, Liu Lanrong, Wang Jiawen, Cheng Zhiguang. Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification of Stray Loss of Laminated Magnetic Components for Transformers under AC-DC Hybrid Excitation. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(1): 141-150.
[1] 赵小军, 晋志明, 曹越芝, 等. 基于磁标量位的定点频域算法及其在叠片铁心偏磁问题中的应用[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(17): 3590-3598.Zhao Xiaojun, Jin Zhiming, Cao Yuezhi, et al. A fixed-point frequency domain method based on magnetic scalar potential and its application to the DC biased problem in the laminated core[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(17): 3590-3598. [2] 朱占新, 谢德馨, 张艳丽. 大型电力变压器三维漏磁场与结构件损耗的时域分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(9): 156-160.Zhu Zhanxin, Xie Dexin, Zhang Yanli. Time domain analysis of 3D leakage magnetic fields and structural part losses of large power transformers[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(9): 156-160. [3] 康丽, 张艳丽, 唐伟, 等. 基于变系数Steinmetz公式的直流偏磁下铁心损耗计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(增刊1): 1-6.Kang Li, Zhang Yanli, Tang Wei, et al. Calculation of core loss under DC bias based on the variable coefficient Steinmetz formula[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(S1): 1-6. [4] Zhao Xiaojun, Meng Fanhui, Cheng Zhiguang, et al.Stray-field loss and flux distribution inside magnetic steel plate under harmonic excitation[J]. COMPEL- The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2017, 36(6): 1715-1728. [5] Cheng Z, Takahashi N, Forghani B, et al.3-D finite element modeling and validation of power frequency multishielding effect[J]. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, 2012, 48(2): 243-246. [6] Takahashi N, Sakura T, Cheng Z, Nonlinear analysis of eddy current and hysteresis losses of 3-D stray field loss model (problem 21)[J]. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, 2001, 37(5): 3672-3675. [7] Ragusa C, Zhao Hanyu, Appino C, et al.Loss decomposition in non-oriented steel sheets: the role of the classical losses[J]. IEEE Magnetics Letters, 2016, 7: 1-5. [8] Olivier de la B, Ragusa C, Appino C, et al. Prediction of energy losses in soft magnetic materials under arbitrary induction waveforms and DC bias[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017, 64(3): 2522-2529. [9] Hauser H.Energetic model of ferromagnetic hysteresis: Isotropic magnetization[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2004, 96(5): 2753-2767. [10] Zhu Zhanxin, Xie Dexin, Wang Gang, et al.Computation of 3-D magnetic leakage field and stray losses in large power transformer[J]. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, 2012, 48(2): 739-742. [11] Yan Xiuke, Yu Xiangdong, Shen Min, et al.Research on calculating eddy-current loss in power transformer tank walls using finite-element method combined with analytical method[J]. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, 2016, 52(3): 1-3. [12] Zheng Weiying, Chen Xinhong.Subspace correction method for computing magnetic shields in large power transformers[J]. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, 2015, 51(5): 1-6. [13] Liu Jian, Huang Qianqiang, Liu Yaqing, et al.Calculation method of winding eddy-current losses for high-voltage direct current converter transformers[J]. IET Electric Power Applications, 2016, 10(6): 488-497. [14] Elmoudi A, Lehtonen M, Nordman H.Corrected winding eddy-current harmonic loss factor for transformers subject to nonsinusoidal load currents[C]// 2005 IEEE Russia Power Tech, Petersburg, 2005: 1-6. [15] Liu Yaqing, Zhang Dandan, Li Zhenbiao, et al.Study of the stray losses calculation in structural parts for HVDC converter transformers based on the TEAM Problem 21 family[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016, 31(2): 605-612. [16] 赵志刚, 刘福贵, 程志光, 等. HVDC中直流偏磁电力变压器叠片铁心损耗及磁通分布[J]. 高电压技术, 2010, 36(9): 2346-2351.Zhao Zhigang, Liu Fugui, Cheng Zhiguang, et al. Loss and flux distribution of power transformers laminated core under DC-biased magnetization condition in HVDC[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2010, 36(9): 2346-2351. [17] 赵志刚, 刘佳, 郭莹, 等. 非正弦励磁环境磁性材料改进损耗模型的研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(13): 2693-2699.Zhao Zhigang, Liu Jia, Guo Ying, et al. Investigation on the improved loss model of magnetic materials under non-sinusoidal excitation environment[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(13): 2693-2699. [18] 赵志刚, 刘福贵, 张晓晨, 等. 一种确定交直流混合激励电磁构件杂散损耗的有效方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(2): 95-101.Zhao Zhigang, Liu Fugui, Zhang Xiaochen, et al. Confident determination of stray-field loss in electro-magnetic components under AC-DC hybrid excitation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(2): 95-101. [19] 赵小军, 李琳, 程志光, 等. 基于直流偏磁实验的叠片铁心磁化特性分析[J].电工技术学报, 2011, 26(1): 7-13.Zhao Xiaojun, Li Lin, Cheng zhiguang, et al. Analysis of magnetizing characteristic of laminated core based on the DC-biasing experiment[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2011, 26(1): 7-13. [20] Bertotti G.Physical interpretation of eddy current losses in ferromagnetic materials, I. theoretical considerations[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1985, 57(6): 2110-2117. [21] Bertotti G.Physical interpretation of eddy current losses in ferromagnetic materials, II. analysis of experimental results[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1985, 57(6): 2118-2126. [22] 张冬冬, 赵海森, 王义龙, 等. 用于电机损耗精细化分析的分段变系数铁耗计算模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(15): 16-24.Zhang Dongdong, Zhao Haisen, Wang Yilong, et al. A piecewise variable coefficient model for precise analysis on iron losses of electrical machines[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(15): 16-24. [23] 刘刚, 孙立鹏, 王雪刚, 等. 正弦及谐波激励下的铁心损耗计算方法改进及仿真应用[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(21): 4909-4918.Liu Gang, Sun Lipeng, Wang Xuegang, et al. Improvement of core loss calculation method and simulation application under sinusoidal and harmonic excitations[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(21): 4909-4918. [24] Fiorillo F, Novikov A.An improved approach to power losses in magnetic laminations under nonsinusoidal induction waveform[J]. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, 1990, 26(3): 2904-2910. [25] Boglietti A, Cavagnino A, Lazzari M, et al.Predicting iron losses in soft magnetic materials with arbitrary voltage supply: an engineering approach[J]. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, 2003, 39(2): 981-989. [26] Barbisio E, Fiorillo F, Ragusa C.Predicting loss in magnetic steels under arbitrary induction waveform and with minor hysteresis loops[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2004, 40(4): 1810-1819. [27] 程志光, 高桥则雄, 博扎德·弗甘尼, 等. 电气工程电磁热场模拟与应用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009. [28] Zheng Weiying, Chen Xinhong.Efficient finite element simulation for GO silicon steel laminations using inner-constrained laminar separation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2012, 48(8): 2277-2283. [29] 程志光, 刘涛, 范亚娜, 等. 基于TEAM P21三维杂散场问题建模仿真与验证[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014, 29(9): 194-203.Cheng Zhiguang, Liu Tao, Fan Yana, et al. TEAM P21-based validation of 3-D stray-field modeling and simulation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2014, 29(9): 194-203. [30] Cheng Z, Takahashi N, Forghani B, et al.Extended progress in TEAM Problem 21 family[J]. COMPEL- The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2014, 33(1-2): 234-244. [31] 李琳, 张元禄. 电力变压器三维漏磁场及铁芯拉板涡流损耗的计算[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 1999, 19(6): 34-37, 52.Li Lin, Zhang Yuanlu. Calculation of the 3D nonlinear magnetic field and eddy current loss of the plate in transformer[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 1999, 19(6): 34-37, 52. [32] Cheng Z, Takahashi N, Forghani B, et al.3-D finite element modeling and validation of power frequency multishielding effect[J]. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, 2012, 48(2): 243-246.
2021, Vol. 36 
