Abstract:The interoperability problem between the ground-end equipment and vehicle-mounted equipment of different manufacturers is one of the key issues to ensure that the technical routes of products in related industries at home and abroad are compatible and interconnected, and to realize the commercialization of wireless charging for electric vehicles. A method to evaluate the interoperability between different coil structures of electric vehicle wireless charging system based on the two-port impedance of the circuit was proposed. The research object of this subject is the evaluation method, which mainly analyzed and studied the interoperability between the same circuit compensation topology and coupling coils with different structures. The ZVA and ZGA impedance interfaces were defined respectively, the impedance interface formula was derived. The square-square coil combination as a reference used to obtain the reference impedance zone ZGA when the vehicle-mounted equipment in the system and the supporting ground-end equipment were coupled. This impedance area used to as the reference. The interoperability between the circle, DD type coils and the square coils ground-end equipment of this paper were verified by detecting the impedance area generated by the coupling between the receiving coils under test and the reference transmitting coil. The interoperability coefficient is defined to consider the interoperability between different coils. This paper proves the correctness of the proposed method for evaluating the interoperability between coils of different structures through simulation and experiments.
张献, 白雪宁, 沙琳, 陈志鑫, 杨庆新. 电动汽车无线充电系统不同结构线圈间互操作性评价方法研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(19): 4150-4160.
Zhang Xian, Bai Xuening, Sha Lin, Chen Zhixin, Yang Qingxin. Research on Interoperability Evaluation Method of Different Coils in Wireless Charging System of Electric Vehicles. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(19): 4150-4160.
[1] 杨庆新, 章鹏程, 祝丽花, 等. 无线电能传输技术的关键基础与技术瓶颈问题[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(5): 1-8. Yang Qingxin, Zhang Pengcheng, Zhu Lihua, et al.Key fundamental problem and technical bottlenecks of the wireless power transmission technology[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(5): 1-8. [2] 张献, 王朝晖, 魏斌, 等. 电动汽车无线充电系统中电屏蔽对空间磁场的影响分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(8): 1580-1588. Zhang Xian, Wang Zhaohui, Wei Bin, et al.Analysis of the influence of electric shield on space magnetic field in electric vehicle wireless charging system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(8): 1580-1588. [3] 赵争鸣, 刘方, 陈凯楠. 电动汽车无线充电技术研究综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(20): 30-40. Zhao Zhengming, Liu Fang, Chen Kainan.New progress of wireless charging technology for electric vehicles[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(20): 30-40. [4] 黄学良, 王维, 谭林林. 磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术研究动态与应用展望[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2017, 41(2): 2-14. Huang Xueliang, Wang Wei, Tan Linlin.Fast non-intrusive load identification algorithm for resident load based on template filtering[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(2): 2-14. [5] 高妍, 张献, 杨庆新, 等. 电动汽车无线充电环境的生物电磁安全评估[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(17): 3581-3589. Gao Yan, Zhang Xian, Yang Qingxin, et al.Bio-electromagnetic safety assessment of wireless charging environment for electric vehicles[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(17): 3581-3589. [6] 张献, 王杰, 杨庆新, 等. 电动汽车动态无线供电系统电能耦合机构与切换控制研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(15): 3093-3101. Zhang Xian, Wang Jie, Yang Qingxin, et al.The power coupling mechanism and switching control for dynamic wireless power supply system of electric vehicle[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(15): 3093-3101. [7] 张波, 疏许健, 吴理豪, 等. 无线电能传输技术亟待解决的问题及对策[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43(18): 1-20. Zhang Bo, Shu Xujian, Wu Lihao, et al.Problems of wireless power transmission technology urgent to be solved and corresponding countermeasures[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43(18): 1-20. [8] 冯天旭, 王智慧, 孙跃, 等. 采用三维偶极线圈的无线电能传输系统多自由度拾取机构[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(23): 99-107. Feng Tianxu, Wang Zhihui, Sun Yue, et al.Multi-degree-of-freedom pick-up mechanism of wireless power transfer system using three-dimensional dipole coils[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(23): 99-107. [9] 吝伶艳, 方成刚, 宋建成, 等. 谐振式无线输电系统不同补偿方式的传输特性[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2019, 12(23): 59-67. Lin Lingyan, Fang Chenggang, Song Jiancheng, et al.Transmission characteristics of different compensation methods in wireless power transfer system based on magnetic coupling resonance[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2019, 12(23): 59-67. [10] 卢伟国, 陈伟铭, 李慧荣. 多负载多线圈无线电能传输系统各路输出的恒压特性设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(6): 1138-1147. Lu Weiguo, Chen Weiming, Li Huirong.Multi-load constant voltage design for multi-load and multi-coil wireless power transfer system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(6): 1138-1147. [11] 安慧林, 刘国强, 李艳红, 等. 三维抗偏转磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输谐振器特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(13): 2679-2685. An Huilin, Liu Guoqiang, Li Yanhong.The characteristics study of three dimension anti deflection magnetic coupling resonance wireless energy transmission resonator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(13): 2679-2685. [12] 刘方, 陈凯楠, 蒋烨, 等. 双向无线电能传输系统效率优化控制策略研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(5): 891-901. Liu Fang, Chen Kainan, Jiang Ye, et al.Research on the overall efficiency optimization of the bidirectional wireless power transfer system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(5): 891-901. [13] Ahmad Aqueel, Alam Mohammadsaad, Chabaan Rakan.A comprehensive review of wireless charging technologies for electric vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2018, 4(1): 38-63. [14] Patil Devendra, McDonough Matthewk, Miller Johnm, et al. Wireless power transfer for vehicular applications: overview and challenges[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2018, 4(1): 3-37. [15] Xiang Lijuan, Li Xiaoyu, Tian Jindong, et al.A crossed DD geometry and its double-coil excitation method for electric vehicle dynamic wireless charging systems[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6: 45120-45128. [16] Zhang Wei, Mi Chunting Chris.Compensation topologies of high-power wireless power transfer systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2016, 65(6): 4768-4778. [17] Lin Feiyang, Kim Seho, Covic Granta, et al.Effective coupling factors for series and parallel tuned secondaries in IPT systems using bipolar primary pads[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2017, 3(2): 434-444. [18] Li Weihan, Zhao Han, Deng Junjun, et al.Comparison study on SS and double-sided LCC compensation topologies for EV/PHEV wireless chargers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2016, 65(6): 4429-4439. [19] Li Siqi, Li Weihan, Deng Junjun, et al.A double-sided LCC compensation network and its tuning method for wireless power transfer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2015, 64(6): 2261-2273. [20] Samanta Suvendu, Rathore Akshaykumar, Thrimawithana Duleepaj.Analysis and design of current-fed half-bridge (C)(LC)-(LC) resonant topology for inductive wireless power transfer application[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2017, 53(4): 3917-3926. [21] Kamineni Abhilash, Neath Michaelj, Zaheer Adeel, et al.Interoperable EV detection for dynamic wireless charging with existing hardware and free resonance[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2017, 3(2): 370-379. [22] Ombach G, Kurschner D, Mathar S.Universal base coil solution for interoperable system for stationary wireless EV charging[C]//IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Mobility Applications, Renewables and Technology(SMART), New York, 2015: 1-9. [23] Liu Yeran, Mai Ruikun, Liu Dengwei, et al.Efficiency optimization for wireless dynamic charging system with overlapped DD coil arrays[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2018, 33(4): 2832-2846. [24] 刘登伟, 周坤卓, 刘野然, 等. 基于双拾取结构的恒功率输出动态无线电能传输系统研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(13): 3899-3907. Liu Dengwei, Zhou Kunzhuo, Liu Yeran, et al.Research on constant output power based on double pick-up in dynamic wireless power transfer system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(13): 3899-3907. [25] 刘志珍, 曾浩, 陈红星, 等. 电动汽车无线充电系统磁芯结构的设计及优化[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2018, 22(1): 8-15. Liu Zhizhen, Zeng Hao, Chen Hongxing, et al.Design and optimization of magnetic core structures for EV wireless charging systems[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2018, 22(1): 8-15. [26] Miller Johnm, Onar Omerc, Chinthavali Madhu.Primary-side power flow control of wireless power transfer for electric vehicle charging[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2015, 3(1): 147-162. [27] Zhang Wei, White J C, Abraham A M, et al.Loosely coupled transformer structure and interoperability study for EV wireless charging systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(11): 6356-6367. [28] Zhao Lei, Thrimawithana D, Madawala U.Hybrid bidirectional wireless EV charging system tolerant to pad misalignment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017, 64(9): 7079-7086. [29] Li Weihan, Zhao Han, Kan Tianze, et al.Inter-operability considerations of the double-sided LCC compensated wireless charger for electric vehicle and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle applications[C]//2015 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power (2015 WoW), New York, 2015: 1-6. [30] Yang Guang, Song Kai, Wei Ruizhi, et al.Interoperability improvement for wireless electric vehicle charging system using adaptive phase-control transmitter[J]. IEEE Access, 2019, 7: 41365-41379.