Condition Monitoring for IGBT Module Aging Failure on VCE(on) under Certain IC Conditions
Li Yaping1, 2, Zhou Luowei1, Sun Pengju1, Peng Yingzhou1, Cai Jie1
1. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China; 2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shihezi University Shihezi 832000 China
Abstract:In order to improve the reliability of power converter, a method for monitoring aging failure in insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) module is presented based on VCE(on) under certain condition. The VCE(on) is monitored under certain collector current IC condition, that is the crossover point of output characteristic curves under different temperatures. Using this method, the health status of IGBT module can be evaluated according to VCE(on), and the chip junction temperature effect on the results of the assessment can be ignored. Firstly, based on VCE(on) equivalent model of the structure of IGBT and the output characteristic curves of IGBT module, the crossover point of the collector current was analyzed. It is shown that the corresponding VCE(on) was not affected by temperature. Then, the paper illuminated the impact of the aging failure on VCE(on). Finally, two experiments, i.e. accelerated aging tests and cutting off the bond wires one by one, were conducted. The experimental results indicate that the VCE(on) of IGBT module is not affected by junction temperature under certain collector current condition, but only related to the aging situation of modules. The VCE(on) under certain condition can be used as aging precursor of condition monitoring for IGBT module. The experimental results are accorded with the theory analysis.
李亚萍, 周雒维, 孙鹏菊, 彭英舟, 蔡杰. 基于特定集电极电流下饱和压降的IGBT模块老化失效状态监测方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(14): 3202-3212.
Li Yaping, Zhou Luowei, Sun Pengju, Peng Yingzhou, Cai Jie. Condition Monitoring for IGBT Module Aging Failure on VCE(on) under Certain IC Conditions. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(14): 3202-3212.
[1] 杜雄, 李高显, 刘洪纪, 等. 风速概率分布对风电变流器中功率器件寿命的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(15): 109-117. Du Xiong, Li Gaoxian, Liu Hongji, et al.Effect of wind speed probability distribution on lifetime of power semiconductors in the wind power con- verters[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(15): 109-117. [2] 赖伟, 陈民铀, 冉立, 等. 老化实验条件下的IGBT寿命预测模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(24): 173-180. Lai Wei, Chen Minyou, Ran Li, et al.IGBT lifetime model based on aging experiment[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(24): 173-180. [3] 赖伟, 陈民铀, 冉立, 等. 老化实验条件下的IGBT失效机理分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(20): 5293-5300. Lai Wei, Chen Minyou, Ran Li, et al.Analysis of IGBT failure mechanism based on ageing experi- ments[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(20): 5293-5299. [4] 陈民铀, 高兵, 杨帆, 等. 基于电-热-机械应力多物理场的IGBT焊料层健康状态研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(20): 252-260. Chen Minyou, Gao Bing, Yang Fan, et al.Healthy evaluation on IGBT solder based on electro-thermal mechanical analysis[J]. Transactions of China Elec- trotechnical Society, 2015, 30(20): 252-260. [5] 唐勇, 汪波, 陈明, 等. 高温下的IGBT可靠性与在线评估[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014, 29(6): 17-23. Tang Yong, Wang Bo, Chen Ming, et al.Reliability and on-line evaluation of IGBT modules under high temperature[J]. Transactions of China Electro- technical Society, 2014, 29(6): 17-23. [6] 任磊, 韦徵, 龚春英, 等. 电力电子电路功率器件故障特征参数提取技术综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(12): 3089-3101. Ren Lei, Wei Zheng, Gong Chunying, et al.Fault feature extraction techniques for power devices in power electronic converters: a review[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(12): 3089-3101. [7] Oh H, Han B, Mccluskey P, et al.Physics-of-failure, condition monitoring, and prognostics of insulated gate bipolar transistor modules: a review[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(5): 2413-2426. [8] Held M, Jacob P, Nicoletti G, et al.Fast power cycling test for IGBT modules in traction appli- cation[J]. Journal of Electronics, 1999, 86(10): 1193-1204. [9] Zhou L, Zhou S, Xu M.Investigation of gate voltage oscillations in an IGBT module after partial bond wires lift-off[J]. Microelectronics Reliability, 2013, 53(2): 282-287. [10] Avenas Y, Dupont L, Khatir Z.Temperature measurement of power semiconductor devices by thermo-sensitive electrical parameters-a review[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2012, 27(6): 3081-3092. [11] Blackburn D L.Temperature measurements of semiconductor devices-a review[C]//IEEE Semi- conductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium, San Jose, CA, USA, 2004: 70-80. [12] 方化潮, 郑利兵, 王春雷, 等. IGBT模块栅极电压米勒平台时延与结温的关系[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(18): 134-141. Fang Huachao, Zheng Libing, Wang Chunlei, et al.The relationship between junction temperature and time delay of gate voltage miller plateau of IGBT module[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(18): 134-141. [13] Smet V, Forest F, Huselstein J J, et al.Ageing and failure modes of IGBT modules in high-temperature power cycling[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011, 58(10): 4931-4941. [14] Oukaour A, Tala-Ighil B, Pouderoux B, et al.Ageing defect detection on IGBT power modules by artificial training methods based on pattern recognition[J]. Microelectronics Reliability, 2011, 51(2): 386-391. [15] Patil N, Das D, Pecht M.A prognostic approach for non-punch through and field stop IGBTs[J]. Micro- electronics Reliability, 2012, 52(3): 482-488. [16] Ghimire P, Vega A R D, Beczkowski S, et al. Improving power converter reliability: online moni- toring of high-power IGBT modules[J]. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, 2014, 8(3): 40-50. [17] Smet V, Forest F, Huselstein J J, et al.Evaluation of Vce monitoring as a real-time method to estimate aging of bond wire-IGBT modules stressed by power cycling[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Elec- tronics, 2013, 60(7): 2760-2770. [18] Ji Bing, Pickert V, Cao Wenping, et al.In situ diagnostics and prognostics of wire bonding faults in IGBT modules for electric vehicle drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(12): 5568-5577. [19] 王春雷, 郑利兵, 方化潮, 等. 键合线失效对于IGBT模块性能的影响分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014, 29(增刊1): 184-191. Wang Chunlei, Zheng Libing, Fang Huachao, et al.Analysis of the performance effect with bonding wires lift-off in IGBT modules[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2014, 29(S1): 184-191. [20] Avenas Y, Dupont L, Baker N, et al.Condition monitoring: a decade of proposed techniques[J]. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, 2015, 9(4): 22-36. [21] Munk-Nielsen J S, Nielsen R. Lifetime investigation of high power IGBT modules[C]//European Con- ference on Power Electronics and Applications, Birmingham, UK, 2011: 1-8. [22] Ji B, Song X, Cao W, et al.In Situ, diagnostics and prognostics of solder fatigue in IGBT modules for electric vehicle drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(3): 1535-1543. [23] Xiong Y, Cheng X, Shen Z J, et al.Prognostic and warning system for power-electronic modules in electric, hybrid electric, and fuel-cell vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2008, 55(6): 2268-2276. [24] Rashed A, Forest F, Huselstein J J, et al.On-line [TJ, Vce] monitoring of IGBTs stressed by fast power cycling tests[C]//European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Lille, France, 2013, DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2013.6631965. [25] Choi U M, Joergensen S, Blaabjerg F.Advanced accelerated power cycling test for reliability investi- gation of power device modules[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on Power Electronics, 2016, 31(12): 8371-8386. [26] Ghimire P, Bęczkowski S, Munk-Nielsen S, et al.A review on real time physical measurement techniques and their attempt to predict wear-out status of IGBT[C]//European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Lille, France, 2013, DOI: 10.1109/ EPE.2013.6634419. [27] Nielsen R O, Due J, Munk-Nielsen S.Innovative measuring system for wear-out indication of high power IGBT modules[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, Phoenix, AZ, USA, 2011: 1785-1790. [28] Davis R I, Sprenger D J.Methodology and apparatus for rapid power cycle accumulation and in-situ incipient failure monitoring for power electronic modules[C]//Electronic Components and Technology Conference, Orlando, FL, USA, 2014: 1996-2002. [29] Beczkowski S, Ghimre P, De Vega A R, et al. Online Vce measurement method for wear-out monitoring of high power IGBT modules[C]//European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Lille, France, 2013, DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2013.6634390. [30] Singh A, Anurag A, Anand S.Evaluation of vce at inflection point for monitoring bond wire degradation in discrete packaged IGBTs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2017, 32(4): 2481-2484. [31] Wagenitz D, Hambrecht A, Dieckerhoff S.Lifetime evaluation of IGBT power modules applying a non- linear saturation voltage observer[C]//International Conference on Integrated Power Electronics Systems, Nuremberg, Germany, 2012: 1-5. [32] Anderson J M, Cox R W.On-line condition monitoring for MOSFET and IGBT switches in digitally controlled drives[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, Phoenix, AZ, USA, 2011: 3920-3927. [33] O'Connor P, Cox R W, Anderson J M. Near real-time incipient fault detection in IGBT switches[C]//40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Dallas, TX, USA, 2014: 4484-4491. [34] Baliga B J.Fundamentals of power semiconductor devices[M]. Raleigh NC, USA: Springer, 2008. [35] Hefner A R.A dynamic electro-thermal model for the IGBT[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Application, 1994, 30(2): 394-405. [36] Hamidi A, Beck N, Thomas K, et al.Reliability and lifetime evaluation of different wire bonding techno- logies for high power IGBT modules[J]. Microele- ctronics Reliability, 1999, 39(6-7): 1153-1158.