Abstract：The geomagnetic simulation method is an effective measurement technique for obtaining the vertical induced magnetic field of ships in degaussing applications. However, its measurement accuracy is constrained by the uniformity of the simulated geomagnetic field, while generating a highly uniform simulated geomagnetic field introduces challenges such as construction difficulties and significantly increased costs. To address this issue, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization design method for geomagnetic simulation coils, considering practical engineering conditions, to achieve a highly uniform simulated geomagnetic field while simultaneously reducing the required coil length and ampere-turns. First, based on the measurement principle of the geomagnetic simulation method, the influence of field uniformity on the accuracy of acquiring the ship’s vertical induced magnetic field was quantitatively analyzed using the finite element method. Subsequently, considering the ship’s structure and practical constraints, a multi-objective optimization model was established, targeting field uniformity, coil dimensions, and ampere-turns. The model was solved using a genetic optimization algorithm. Finally, an experimental platform was designed and constructed for validation. The proposed multi-objective optimization method significantly reduces the total coil length and required ampere-turns while meeting uniformity design specifications, thereby achieving multiple desired objectives and improving the accuracy and feasibility of this measurement method in practical applications. Numerical simulations based on a specific ship model demonstrate that, compared with single-objective optimization results, the proposed multi-objective optimization solution reduces the total coil length by 30% and the required ampere-turns by 19% without significantly compromising field uniformity, while satisfying multiple design objectives. Experimental results from a scaled ship model show that the redesigned geomagnetic simulation coil system, optimized using the proposed multi-objective method, achieves a field uniformity of 91.37%, with other parameters such as coil length also reaching optimal levels. The measured accuracy of the ship model’s induced magnetic field Bz_iz using the geomagnetic simulation method reaches 95.91%, meeting practical engineering requirements. Both simulation and experimental results lead to the following conclusion: Compared with single-objective optimization, the proposed multi-objective optimization method effectively reduces the total coil length and required ampere-turns while maintaining field uniformity, fulfilling multiple design objectives and improving the accuracy and feasibility of the geomagnetic simulation method in real-world applications.
吴轲娜, 叶志浩, 吴朝辉, 周国华, 刘月林. 地磁模拟法测量船舶感应磁场的垂向地磁模拟线圈优化设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(23): 7475-7484.
Wu Kena, Ye Zhihao, Wu Zhaohui, Zhou Guohua, Liu Yuelin. Optimization of Vertical Geomagnetic Simulation Coils for Ship’s Induced Magnetic Field Measurement by Geomagnetic Simulation Method. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(23): 7475-7484.
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2025, Vol. 40 
