Transient Model of Field-Circuit Coupling for High-Power Giant Magnetostrictive Transducer Considering Hysteresis Nonlinearity
Li Husheng1,2, Gao Bing1,2, Zhao Nengtong1,2, He Zhixing1,2, Luo An1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and High-Quality Conversion for Electric Power Hunan University Changsha 410082 China; 2. Integrated Research Platform of Underwater Sonar System Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
Abstract：High-powergiant magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer (HGMET) is a kind of electro- acoustic energy conversion equipment using giant magnetostrictive material as the core driving oscillator. Due to the advantages of Class Ⅳ giant magnetostrictive flex tensional transducer such as large output force, small size, low frequency, etc., the transducer plays a key role in active sonar, resource detection, and other fields. However, the HGMET generates periodic vibration under the excitation of AC magnetic field, and its output performance is affected by the coupling of electric-magnetic-mechanical-acoustic multi-physical fields, presenting complex hysteresis nonlinearity, which is especially prominent in high-power occasions. In addition, the equivalent circuit model for transducer modeling is difficult to accurately reflect its acoustic field characteristics, and the finite element model is even unable to calculate the multi-field coupling of HGMET in the existing research on transducer modeling methods, which makes it difficult to effectively depict the hysteresis effect and transient output characteristics of the transducer. To comprehensively and accurately guide the design of transducers, it is necessary to construct a model that can effectively describe the transient characteristics of transducer output for the operating characteristics of HGMET. Therefore, the “circuit” in the equivalent circuit model and the “field” of acoustic-solid coupling in the finite element model are complementary to each other, and a field-circuit coupled transient model considering hysteresis nonlinearity is developed in this paper in order to better characterize the transient characteristics of the transducer in the frequency domain and the output transient characteristics. The proposed model can be divided into the following two modules. The module 1 is mainly used to characterize the hysteresis nonlinear phenomenon intrinsic to the giant magnetostrictive materials (GMM) rod under magnetic field excitation, which specifically includes four sub-modules such as a magnetic field model, a dynamic magnetization model, a strain model, and a mechanical dynamics model. Furthermore, the output forces under different working conditions calculated in Module 1 are fed to the transient pressure acoustic module and solid mechanics module in the finite element software, so as to construct the mechanical-acoustic transient coupling model of Module 2, which to accurately and effectively reflect the radiated acoustic field characteristics, the transmitting current response and other characteristics of the transducer. Finally, a transducer with resonant frequency of 500 Hz and a maximum transmitting current reponse (TCR) of over 180 dB was developed under the guidance of the model in this paper, and has passed the performance test inlake. The results show that the proposed model is in good agreement with the experiment under different input frequency conditions, with a maximum displacement of 24.54 μm near the resonance point (500 Hz) and a maximum relative error of the model of no more than 7.6%. In addition, the model can also accurately portray the TCR of the transducer, with an error of 0.52% at the resonance point and a maximum error of 4.34% in the whole test band of 400~600 Hz.
李湖胜, 高兵, 赵能桐, 何志兴, 罗安. 考虑非线性滞后的大功率超磁致伸缩换能器场路耦合瞬态模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(19): 6180-6191.
Li Husheng, Gao Bing, Zhao Nengtong, He Zhixing, Luo An. Transient Model of Field-Circuit Coupling for High-Power Giant Magnetostrictive Transducer Considering Hysteresis Nonlinearity. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(19): 6180-6191.
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2025, Vol. 40 
