Analysis and Suppression of Electromagnetic Vibration of Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Ships
Chen Shaoxian1, Ding Shuye1, Shen Shufeng1, Dai Yao1, Yang Zhi2
1. School of Electrical and Automation Engineering Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210046 China; 2. 704 Research Institute CSIC Shanghai 200031 China
Abstract：Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has many advantages, such as high power density, reliable operation and so on. Nowadays it is widely used in the field of ship propulsion. However, a poorly designed PMSM may have serious vibration and noise problems. Recently, there were many researches on electromagnetic vibration suppression methods of PMSM. But some methods may reduce the motor output torque or improve the manufacturing complexity at the same time. To address this issue, this paper takes a 50kW marine surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) as the research target and a hybrid magnetic pole rotor structure is proposed. Firstly, based on theoretical derivation, the source and harmonic characteristics of electromagnetic excitation force caused by this motor are analyzed, and verified by finite element method. Secondly, the stator natural frequency is solved by analytical method and finite element method respectively. Combined with the frequency characteristics of electromagnetic excitation force, the rationality of motor design is verified. Thirdly, based on multi-physics model, the vibration frequency response characteristics and characteristic frequencies of the monitoring points are calculated. Finally, on the premise of maintaining the output torque of the former motor, a hybrid magnetic pole rotor structure is proposed to weaken the harmonic component of low-order electromagnetic excitation force and suppress electromagnetic vibration. The results show that the optimized motor can effectively suppress the electromagnetic vibration while maintaining torque performance. The validity of the simulation results are verified by experiments. Through theoretical analysis, finite element calculation and experimental test, it can be seen that the electromagnetic excitation force of this motor is the main source of vibration. And the fourth order twice electrical frequency component of the electromagnetic excitation force causes a large vibration in the motor. If measures can be taken to reduce the amplitude of this component, the motor’s vibration performance should be improved accordingly. According to the effects of armature magnetomotive force on permanent magnet and the influence of armature reaction on air gap magnetic field, this paper proposes a hybrid pole rotor structure. The simulation results show that the optimized motor can effectively suppress electromagnetic vibration while maintaining good torque performance. The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of this paper: (1) The electromagnetic excitation force of the marine SPMSM studied in this paper is the main source of its vibration. Through finite element simulation, the spatial orders of the electromagnetic excitation force of the motor are four and its integer multiple, and the frequencies are even number of times of the motor's fundamental frequency, which is consistent with the theoretical results. The peak value of the dynamic electromagnetic excitation force appears in the fourth order twice electrical frequency component, which causes large vibration in the motor. (2) Compared with the previous motor structure optimization methods, the hybrid pole rotor structure has a simpler manufacturing process, and reduces the torque ripple of the motor while keeping the average output torque the same as the original structure. (3) The optimized structure of the rotor restrains the electromagnetic excitation force of the motor to a certain extent. Compared with the original structure, the maximum vibration speed amplitude of the motor after optimization is reduced by 29.43%.
陈少先, 丁树业, 申淑锋, 戴瑶, 杨智. 船舶用表贴式永磁同步电机的电磁振动分析与抑制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(5): 1275-1286.
Chen Shaoxian, Ding Shuye, Shen Shufeng, Dai Yao, Yang Zhi. Analysis and Suppression of Electromagnetic Vibration of Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Ships. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(5): 1275-1286.
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2023, Vol. 38 
