Abstract：As to high-speed electric drives, the ratio of the switching to the fundamental frequencies is low due to the limited switching frequency allowed. As a result, the control delay negatively affects the vector control performance of the IPMSM heavily. However, the traditional control strategy usually ignores the delay, and when the motor speed increases and the carrier ratio decreases, the actual performance decreases significantly. There are three main reasons: cross-coupling between d-q axes, discretization error, and control delay. To address these problems, several schemes, i.e., delay-corrected extended state observers (ESOs), are designed and compared. Consequently, the estimating accuracy is enhanced. Based on the proposed ESOs, this paper proposes several current control strategies of IPMSM, producing an improved current response. Firstly, the extended back EMF (EEMF) based IPMSM model was built, and ESOs can estimate the EEMF and other disturbances as a whole. It allows a symmetric model of the IPMSM, which is beneficial to analysis and design in the discrete-time domain, enhancing the performance in low-ratio applications. Secondly, this paper analyzes delay effects in discrete fields. Several delay effect suppression strategies are designed to improve the estimation accuracy, namely the delay-corrected ESO. Finally, based on the proposed ESOs, the IPMSM discrete-domain current control strategies are designed, significantly improving the current response characteristics. The EV-driven experimental platform verifies the analysis and design. Simulation results of the observer performance show that as the delay increases, the traditional ESO increases the error, worsens the dynamic response process, and even has the risk of oscillation. Under the same bandwidth, Smith-DESO has the best observation performance, the model DESO (M-DESO) is poor, and the observation results of the traditional ESO and voltage delay DESO (Ud-DESO) are close. If the observation bandwidth continues to increase, the stability of traditional ESO and M-DESO will become significantly worse. However, Smith-DESO and Ud-DESO can still have good stability due to the synchronization of the two input signals. Smith-DESO scheme remains stable when the operating frequency is 800Hz (the carrier ratio is 5). The disturbance suppression time is reduced from 50 ms (controlled by the traditional PI scheme) to 2.5 ms, indicating that the strategy can better offset the delay impact on the observer, which helps to improve the operation stability and disturbance resistance performance under the low carrier ratio. The following conclusions can be drawn from theoretical analysis and experimental research: (1) Traditional non-delay ESO is affected by the control delay, and the ESO input signal is unsynchronized and has poor observation performance. M-DESO is designed by the approximate delay, but there is an approximate error, and current tracking and disturbance performance is not ideal. (2) Smith-DESO has the best stability and dynamic performance, but the observation effect depends on the motor parameters. Ud-DESO is less affected by the inductive parameter mismatch than Smith-DESO, but the observation speed is slightly slower. (3) The proposed current control strategies of the IPMSM suppress the delay impact on the observer, which quickly estimates and compensates for internal and external disturbances. It helps to improve motor stability and dynamic performance under low ratios.
朱玉璞, 杨淑英, 王奇帅. 基于延迟校正扩张状态观测器的内置式永磁同步电机电流控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(6): 1698-1712.
Zhu Yupu, Yang Shuying, Wang Qishuai. Current Control Strategy of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Delay Corrected Extended State Observers. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(6): 1698-1712.
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