1. Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes of Ministry of Education School of Automation and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China; 2. School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100083 China
Abstract：Characteristics of axial magnetic field (AMF) vacuum interrupters in intermediate-frequency (IF, 400-800Hz) power system of more electric aircraft is researched in this paper. The AMF distribution is solved by Maxwell. It can be concluded by the calculation as follows In the process of current change, the axialmagnetic field changes slower in the central region than in other regions. The peak area of the magnetic field is located between the interlaced slots, and there is a significant residual magnetic field in the center area at current zero. When the frequency increases, the eddy effect is so serious that the magnetic flux density of the AMF decreases. For the center point, the residual magnetic field is stronger and the lag phase is bigger on account of the frequency increase, which will prevent the arc plasmas from diffusing. The eddy effect can be reduced by adding the number of slot in the contact blade. The maximum of the magnetic flux density is increased approximately linearly by adding the rotation angle of contact. The influence of magnetic field hysteresis on the breaking capacity of the vacuum interrupter is verified by experiments including arc appearance and arc voltage.
[1] Zhang Zhuoran,GengWeiwei, Liu Ye, et al. Feasibility of a new ironless-stator axial flux permanent magnet machine for aircraft electric propulsion application[J]. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2019, 3(1): 30-38.
[2] He Yong, Zhao Wenxiang, Tang Hongyu, et al. Auxiliary teeth design to reduce short-circuit current in permanent magnet generators[J]. China Electrotechnical Society Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems,2020, 4(3):198-205.
[3] Jiang Yuan, Li Qing, Cui Jiarui,et al. Re-ignition of intermediate frequency vacuum arc at axial magnetic field[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2020, 35(18): 3860-3868.
[4] Jiang Yuan, Wu Jianwen,Tang Wei. External axial magnetic field excitation system in intermediate-frequency current interruption experiment[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015, 30(9):39-45.
[5] Jiang Yuan, Wu Jianwen. Interruption phenomenon in intermediate-frequency vacuum arc[J]. Plasma Science and Technology,2016, 18(3): 311-318.
[6] Wang Jing, Wu Jianwen, Zhu Liying, et al. Arc behavior of intermediate-frequency vacuum arc on axial magnetic field contacts[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2011, 39(6): 1336-1343.
[7] Wang Jing, Wu Jianwen, Zhu Liying. Properties of intermediate-frequency vacuum arc under axial magnetic field[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2009, 37(8): 1477-1483.
[8] ZhuLiying, WuJianwen, JiangYuan. Motion and split of vacuum arc column in transverse magnetic field contacts at intermediate-frequency[J]. Plasma Science and Technology, 2014, 16(5): 454-459.
[9] Zhu Liying, Wu Jianwen, Zhang Xueming. Arc movement of intermediate-frequency vacuum arc on TMF contacts[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2013, 28(4): 2014-2021.
[10] Yanabu S, Souma S, Tamagawa T, et al. Vacuum arc under an axial magnetic field and its interrupting ability[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers,1979, 126(6): 313-320.
[11] BoKai, ZhouXue, ZhaiGuofu, et al. Experiments and simulation analysis of the temperature-rise characteristics of high current vacuum contactor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(24): 5135-5143.
[12] FuSi, CaoYundong, LiJing, et al. Simulation researches on vacuum metal vapor arc formationat the initial moment of contact parting[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(13): 2922-2931.
[13] Wang Zhongyi, ZhengYuesheng, Liu Zhiyuan, et al. Arc behaviours in vacuum interrupters with axial magnetic field electrodes[J]. Plasma Science and Technology, 2008, 10(5): 569-574.
[14] LiYongjian, YanXinxiao, ZhangChanggeng, et al. Numerical prediction of losses and local overheating in transformer windings based on magnetic-thermal-fluid model[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(21): 4483-4491.
[15] Wang Ning, Wang Huifang, Yang Shiyou. 3D eddy current and temperature field analysis of large hydro-generators in leading phase operations[J]. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2019, 3(2): 210-215.
[16] Liu Zhiyuan, Wang Dong,RongMingzhe, et al. Comparison of vacuum arc behaviors for slot-type axial magnetic field contacts with and without iron plates[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2009, 37(8): 1458-1468.
[17] Shi Zongqian, JiaShenli, Song Xiaochuan, et al. The influence of axial magnetic field distribution on high-current vacuum arc[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2009, 37(8): 1446-1451.
[18] Henon A, Altimani T, Picot P, Schellekens H. 3D finite element simulation and synthetic tests of vacuum interrupters with axial magnetic field contacts[C]//20th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum, Tours, France, 2002:463-466.
[19] Wang Lijun, Hu Lilan, Zhou Xin,et al. Simulation of high-current vacuum arc characteristics with big-size electrode conditions[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(2): 163-170.
[20] Schade E, Dullni E. Recovery of breakdown strength of a vacuum interrupter after extinction of high currents[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2002, 9(2): 207-215.
[21] GeGuowei, ChengXian, WangHuaqing, et al. Investigation on the vacuum arc current commutation criteria of the low voltage DC hybrid circuit breaker[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(19): 4038-4047.
2021, Vol. 36 
