构网型直驱风储一体机轴系扭振特性研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251501

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摘要

在直流侧接入储能形成构网型直驱风储一体机已成为提高功率备用的有效方案,但储能接入对轴系扭振特性的影响机制尚不明确。本文针对这一问题,建立了无储能、储能响应阻尼功率和储能响应惯性功率下的构网型直驱风储一体机小信号模型,并计算了轴系扭振模态的固有振荡频率与阻尼比,阐明了风力机动态对轴系阻尼的影响;进而通过阻尼转矩法量化电气动态为等效轴系阻尼,揭示储能控制对轴系动态的差异化影响机理,分析了参数变化对轴系扭振特性的影响机制。在此基础上,进一步研究了风储一体化对电网频率扰动传递路径的影响,论证了储能作为风机-电网间“缓冲带”的能力。本文从轴系动态的角度,为风储一体机储能控制设计提供了新的参考因素。最终,通过非线性时域仿真结果验证了上述理论分析的正确性。

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关键词 ：储能, 轴系扭振, 直驱风机, 构网型, 虚拟同步机控制

Abstract：

Existing grid forming direct drive wind turbines struggle to exhibit complete grid forming characteristics and provide sufficient active support. This limitation mainly results from two key factors: the inherent dynamic characteristics of wind turbines and the lack of adequate power reserve capacity. To address this problem, integrating energy storage on the DC side to form a grid forming direct drive wind storage integrated system has become an effective solution for grid forming wind turbines to improve power reserve. However, the influence mechanism of both energy storage integration and differences in energy storage control strategies on shafting torsional vibration characteristics remains unclear. This study conducted corresponding analyses on this critical issue.
Firstly, the study established small signal models for the grid forming direct drive wind storage integrated system under three common energy storage integration modes. These modes specifically included no energy storage integration, energy storage responding to damping power, and energy storage responding to inertial power. Meanwhile, based on the two mass block model of the shafting, the study derived the expressions for the natural oscillation frequency and damping ratio of the shafting torsional vibration mode. Through these expressions, the influence laws of shafting parameters on the oscillation frequency and damping ratio of the torsional vibration mode were analyzed. On this basis, the study considered the wind turbine dynamics connected to one end of the shafting, equivalent it to a wind turbine dynamic compensation damping, and analyzed the influencing factors of this dynamic compensation damping.
Secondly, the study noted that the other end of the shafting was connected to the electrical dynamics of the direct drive wind turbine, and this dynamics was affected by the energy storage integration mode. Therefore, the damping torque method was used to convert the electrical dynamics of the grid forming direct drive wind storage integrated system into equivalent shafting damping. The reconstruction effect of energy storage integration on electrical dynamics was analyzed by comparing the equivalent shafting damping under different energy storage integration modes. Additionally, the influences of electrical dynamics on the shafting damping ratio and natural oscillation frequency under different energy storage integration modes were derived.
Thirdly, the study analyzed how wind speed fluctuations induce shafting torsional vibration through wind turbine dynamics and deduced the influencing factors of this propagation path. Simultaneously, after adopting grid forming control, the study analyzed how power grid frequency fluctuations trigger shafting torsional vibration through electrical dynamics. The reconstruction effect of energy storage integration modes on this propagation path was deduced, and the possibility of energy storage acting as a buffer zone between the wind turbine and the power grid was demonstrated.
Finally, the correctness of the above theoretical analysis was verified through nonlinear time domain simulation results. From the perspective of shafting dynamics, this study provides a new reference factor for the design of energy storage control strategies for wind storage integrated systems. This reference factor helps optimize the control strategy to balance the system's grid forming performance and shafting torsional vibration stability.

Key words： Energy storage shafting torsional vibration direct drive wind turbine grid forming virtual synchronous generator control

收稿日期: 2025-08-28

PACS:

TM614

基金资助:

智能电网国家科技重大专项资助（2025ZD0805201）

通讯作者: 蔡光男,1996年生,博士研究生,研究方向为并网新能源发电建模、控制和稳定性分析。E-mail：cai_guang_cg@163.com

作者简介: 颜湘武男,1965年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新能源电力系统分析与控制、现代电力变换、新型储能与节能技术等。E-mail：xiangwuy@ncepu.edu.cn

引用本文:

颜湘武, 周凡, 张书瑞, 蔡光, 贾焦心, 田少泽. 构网型直驱风储一体机轴系扭振特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 20251501-. Yan Xiangwu, Zhou Fan, Zhang Shurui, Cai Guang, Jia Jiaoxin, Tian Shaoze. Research on Shafting Torsional Vibration Characteristics of Grid-Forming Direct-Drive Wind-Storage Integrated System. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 20251501-.

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