电工技术学报  2024, Vol. 39 Issue (12): 3787-3801    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230590
电力电子 |
电机控制器直流侧前置双有源桥DC-DC变换器的模型预测与应力优化混合控制
关维德, 李涛, 钟健, 王旭红, 夏向阳
长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院 长沙 410114
Hybrid Control of Model Prediction and Current Stress Optimization for Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter in Motor Drive Systems
Guan Weide, Li Tao, Zhong Jian, Wang Xuhong, Xia Xiangyang
School of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha 410114 China
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摘要 将双有源桥DC-DC变换器置于电动汽车动力电池与电机逆变器之间,可以根据电机实时转速动态调节系统直流母线电压,提升电机驱动系统的能量变换效率。然而,直流母线电压的大范围变化会带来双有源桥DC-DC变换器电流应力剧增的挑战。为此,该文分析直流母线电压动态变化条件下双有源桥DC-DC变换器的电流应力变化规律及优化方法,在此基础上提出一种模型预测与应力优化混合控制策略,将电流应力优化控制嵌入到模型预测控制中,在降低电流应力的同时还能提高系统的稳态和动态性能。另外,为了抑制模型参数失配对模型预测控制的不利影响,提出一种基于输出反馈的误差校正方法,以提高模型预测控制的参数鲁棒性。原型样机实验结果验证了所提控制策略的正确性和有效性,为直流侧前置双有源桥DC-DC变换器的电机控制器设计与控制提供了理论依据。
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关键词 双有源桥DC-DC变换器模型预测控制电流应力优化    
Abstract:Placing a dual active bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter between the power battery and the motor controller of an electric vehicle can adjust the DC link voltage according to motor speed, improving the energy conversion efficiency of the motor drive system. However, it also brings the following challenges. The wide range variation of DC bus voltage in the motor drive system can cause mismatched input and output voltage of the DAB converter, resulting in problems such as a sharp increase in current stress, loss of soft switches, and increased losses, ultimately reducing system efficiency. Moreover, for the rapid release and recovery characteristics of enormous energy during electric vehicle operation, DAB converters need to withstand high voltage and current impacts, maintaining a fast dynamic response speed.
Therefore, the current stress characteristics and optimization methods of DAB converters under dynamic DC link voltage are analyzed, and the model predictive control method is studied. Accordingly, a control strategy that combines model prediction control and current stress optimization is proposed. The current stress optimization control is embedded into the model predictive control for improving the steady and dynamic performance of the system and reducing the current stress. In addition, the discrete state space model of the output capacitor is established according to the circuit topology. Then, the model predictive control strategy is used to calculate the future output voltage in the prediction time domain according to the current output voltage value of the DAB converter. Furthermore, a cost function is constructed to evaluate the output performance of the DAB converter, and a rolling optimization method is used to solve the cost function and calculate the optimized phase shift control combination variable. Finally, the internal and external phase shift ratios D1 and D2 are calculated. An error correction method based on output feedback is proposed to suppress the adverse effects of model parameter mismatch on model predictive control. With the error correction method, the proposed hybrid control of model prediction and current stress optimization has the advantage of parameter insensitivity and good dynamic performance under different inductance conditions, improving the parameter robustness.
A micro prototype experimental platform for the DAB converter and motor drive system is built in the laboratory. The proposed control strategy has good steady-state characteristics and can effectively reduce current stress, almost identical to other optimization control strategies. Regarding dynamic performance, the stability time and overshoot can be almost ignored, and the output voltage is unaffected by transient changes such as sudden load change. The experimental results show that the proposed control strategy has a simple imple- mentation process, strong flexibility, and adaptability, which can meet the requirements of variable DC bus voltage operation in electric vehicle motor drive systems. It provides a theoretical basis for the design and control of motor controllers featuring a DAB converter positioned before the DC link in EV applications.
Key wordsDual active bridge    DC-DC converter    model predictive control    current stress optimization   
收稿日期: 2023-05-01     
PACS: TM46  
基金资助:湖南省教育厅科学研究资助项目(22A0213)
通讯作者: 关维德 男,1981年生,讲师,硕士生导师,研究方向为电动汽车电驱动系统及其电能变换技术。E-mail: guanweide@csust.edu.cn   
作者简介: 李 涛 男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为新能源发电及电力电子变换器控制。E-mail: 949459177@qq.com
引用本文:   
关维德, 李涛, 钟健, 王旭红, 夏向阳. 电机控制器直流侧前置双有源桥DC-DC变换器的模型预测与应力优化混合控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(12): 3787-3801. Guan Weide, Li Tao, Zhong Jian, Wang Xuhong, Xia Xiangyang. Hybrid Control of Model Prediction and Current Stress Optimization for Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter in Motor Drive Systems. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(12): 3787-3801.
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