计及再生制动能量的铁路潮流控制器功率柔性分配方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221303

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摘要为了以更高的性价比实现牵引供电系统（RPS）并网性能的提升,提出一种计及再生制动能量的铁路潮流控制器（RPFC）功率柔性分配方法,所提方法旨在确保系统满足并网指标的前提下降低RPFC的设计容量,能够同时适用于RPFC的前期设计与实时控制。首先,建立包含RPFC的V/v牵引供电系统数学模型,推导了RPFC两侧变流器补偿功率与一次侧功率因数间的数学关系;然后,在计及再生制动能量的前提下重点讨论了不同补偿目标及补偿模式对RPFC两侧变流器补偿功率的影响,并基于实测负荷数据的功率因数-功率（PF-P）分布特性提出一种精准模拟两相负荷的方法,为RPFC的设计提供指导,在保证系统能满足相关并网指标的前提下,设计计及再生制动能量的RPFC功率柔性分配方法;最后,利用实测负荷数据对所提方法的性能进行了验证。

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	林锦杰
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关键词 ：铁路潮流控制器, 并网性能, 再生制动能量, 容量优化

Abstract：With the rapid development of the Chinese electrified railway, the grid-connection-related issues in the railway power system (RPS) have become more and more prominent. To deal with those issues, various schemes, e.g., LC branches, static var compensator (SVC), and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), are employed in the early days; however, they are not satisfactory enough from the perspective of either compensation performance or economic. The railway power flow controller (RPFC) has proven to be an effective route to deal with almost all grid-connection-related issues, while the needed large design capacity hinders its further commercialization. Many works were presented to cut down the design capacity of RPFC; however, most of them only focus on the traction mode of locomotives, which makes them lack generality and cannot be applied to the situation where regenerative braking energy (RBE) exists. To fill this gap, this paper proposes a flexible power assignment method for RPFC, in which the regenerative braking energy (RBE) is considered. The proposed method aims at reducing the converters' design capacity under the premise that the concerned system can meet the grid-connection indexes, and it can be used both in the planning and real-time control stages.
Firstly, the mathematical model of an RPFC-integrated RPS adopting the V/v transformer is derived, and the relationship between RPFC's compensated power and the primary power factors (PFs) is revealed. Then, considering RBE, 16 compensation modes are developed based on the alternative positive or negative values exist in the primary PF angles, and the interaction mechanisms of primary PFs and Modes on RPFC's compensated power are investigated. Based on the two-phase loads' PF-P distribution, a precise load imitation is implemented to guide RPFC's design and performance evaluation. Finally, under the premise of meeting the concerned grid-connection indexes, a flexible power assignment method is designed, in which RBE is embraced.
The real measured data-based simulation shows that, the distribution of compensation modes drawn from two-phase synchronous measured data is highly similar to the one drawn from the proposed load imitation process, and these available candidates can be pre-embedded into the controller for real-time control. By adopting the proposed method, the rating of RPFC can be reduced by almost 50% compared to the conventional full compensation method (FCM) for the studied TSS. Besides, when the PF^* is chosen in the interval of [0.9, 0.93], the rating decreasing ratio is maintained at over 50%. When PF^* is chosen as 0.9, the negative sequence power in the concerned system can meet the standards, and for extreme situations, PF^* can be selected higher in the interval of [0.9, 0.93], while more than 50% rating decreasing ratio can still be guaranteed. Besides, the proposed method can also lower the RPFC's operating losses. Based on the testing experience of a real RPFC (10 MV·A), the daily operating losses can be evaluated, and the result indicates that by using the proposed method, the operating losses are cut down by almost 80%, which is quite considerable for long-term operation.
The main contributions and conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) the designed flexible power assignment method is general and can be employed in the situation where RBE exists. Compared with the conventional FCM, the rating of RPFC can be reduced by almost 50%, and the negative sequence power of the concerned system can meet the grid-connection indexes; besides, the operating losses can be reduced by almost 80%. (2) With the consideration of RBE, the interaction mechanisms of primary PFs and the developed modes on RPFC's compensated power are revealed. (3) Considering the intrinsic correlation between loads' power and PF, the dynamic scanning method is designed to determine loads' PF interval for every specific load power, by which the precise load imitation can be implemented for the guide of RPFC's design.

Key words： Railway power flow controller grid-connection performance regenerative braking energy design capacity optimization

收稿日期: 2022-07-04

PACS:

TM922.3

基金资助:国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点项目（2018YFE0125300）、国家自然科学基金项目（52061130217,52277090）、湖南省研究生科研创新项目（QL20220078）和长沙市杰出创新青年计划（KQ2009037,KQ2209010）资助

通讯作者: 李勇男,1982年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统运行与控制、电力电子系统与控制。E-mail：yongli@hnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 林锦杰男,1995年生,博士研究生,研究方向为电力电子系统与控制。E-mail：jinjielin1203@hnu.edu.cn

引用本文:

林锦杰, 李勇, 胡斯佳, 张杰, 罗隆福. 计及再生制动能量的铁路潮流控制器功率柔性分配方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(22): 6121-6132. Lin Jinjie¹, Li Yong¹, Hu Sijia¹, Zhang Jie², Luo Longfu¹. Flexible Power Assignment Method for Railway Power Flow Controller Considering Regenerative Braking Energy. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(22): 6121-6132.

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