Output Voltage Model and Characteristic Analysis of Magnetostrictive Displacement Sensor for Wide Operating Temperature
Li Haiyi1,2, Li Mingming1,2, Liu Yanan1,2, Weng Ling1,2, Huang Wenmei1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China; 2. Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
Abstract：Magnetostrictive displacement sensor uses the Wiedemann effect of magnetostrictive wire or strip to realize absolute displacement measurement, which has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, and long service life. With the technological development of energy, electric power, aerospace, and other fields, displacement sensors that can work stably at high temperatures have become urgent. However, when the working environment temperature is higher than theindoortemperature, magnetostrictive displacement sensors will face problems such as weakened output voltage, increased signal attenuation, and decreased measurement accuracy, which limit their high-temperature applications. To expand the application range of magnetostrictive displacement sensors at high variable temperatures, this paper studies the output characteristics of magnetostrictive displacement sensors in wideoperating temperatures by increasing the output voltage of the sensor to eliminate the adverse effects of signal weakening and noise interference caused by temperature rise. In this work, Fe82Ga13.5Al4.5 and (Fe83Ga17)99.4B0.6 magnetostrictive wireswere successfully prepared, and all of their Curie temperatures are above 500℃, which could increase the upperworking temperature limit of sensors. The output voltage model of the sensor under non-isothermal conditions was established based on Boltzmann statistics, the magneto-elastic coupling effect, and the Debye model. The theoretical model shows that with the increase in temperature, the magnetization and Young's modulus of magnetostrictive material decrease. Meanwhile, the force-magnetic coupling characteristics change, and the output voltage of the sensor decreases. A temperature-variable platform with adjustable pulse current and axial bias magnetic field was setupby (Fe83Ga17)99.4B0.6 and Fe82Ga13.5Al4.5 wires with a diameter of 0.8mm. The optimal parameters of excitation pulse current and bias magnetic field of the two kinds of wires are (1) (Fe83Ga17)99.4B0.6 at 21.3 kA/m and 24.6 A; (2) Fe82Ga13.5Al4.5 at 16.7 kA/m and 18.8 A. At 20~350℃, the maximum output voltage of (Fe83Ga17)99.4B0.6 is 577.63mV, and the maximum output voltage of Fe82Ga13.5Al4.5 is 419.56 mV. The results show that the maximum output amplitude can be obtained when the excitation magnetic field equalsthe bias magnetic field at different temperatures. According to the optimal excitation parameters of (Fe83Ga17)99.4B0.6 waveguide wire, the hardware circuit and the structure of the moving position magnet are designed. A wideoperating temperature prototype was made and tested on a high-temperature platform. At 20℃, the maximum output voltage was 595.32 mV, and the SNR was 13.74 dB. At 500℃, the output voltage is 254.67 mV, and the signal-to-noise ratio is 6.11 dB. The nonlinearity error of the sensor with increasing temperature is ±1.3 mm. The experimental results show that the magnetostrictive displacement sensor has a wide operating temperature range, good output characteristics, a high signal-to-noise ratio, and a small measurement error. Consequently, the sensors can be applied to monitor position information in high-orvariable-temperature environments. The results can provide theoretical guidance for optimizing magnetostrictive displacement sensors working in wide operating temperatures.
李海毅, 李明明, 刘亚南, 翁玲, 黄文美. 宽温域磁致伸缩位移传感器输出电压模型及特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(20): 5343-5353.
Li Haiyi, Li Mingming, Liu Yanan, Weng Ling, Huang Wenmei. Output Voltage Model and Characteristic Analysis of Magnetostrictive Displacement Sensor for Wide Operating Temperature. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(20): 5343-5353.
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