Abstract：The magnetostrictive phenomenon of electrical steel sheet is one of the main causes of vibration and noise of motor and transformer core. The processing technology for the cores, such as cutting, stamping, assembly etc., will produce residual stress in the electrical steel sheet, then changing the magnetostrictive characteristic of electrical steel sheet and increasing vibration and noise of core. The external stress can affect the magnetostriction of non-oriented electrical steel sheet. In this paper, it is shown that the curves of the principal strain of the elongation of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet with the peak values of the magnetic flux density during the change of the applied stress from -8 MPa to 8 MPa are given. Under the same magnetic flux density, compared with the curve without external stress, the applied pressure will increase the magnetostriction, and the external tension will decrease the magnetostriction. From the perspective of microscopic mechanism, when the tensile stress and compressive stress act on the electrical steel sheet, the mechanical stress will change the structure of the magnetic domain, which will affect the magnetization process, and then affect the magnetostriction. The reasons for this influence are also analyzed in this paper. In addition, under the same applied stress, the magnetostriction will increase with the increase of magnetic induction intensity. Different cutting methods will affect the magnetostrictive characteristics of non-oriented electrical steel sheet. In this paper, the magnetostrictive loops are studied under three cutting methods when the samples are magnetized in the rolling direction. It can be seen that the magnetostrictive peak value of laser cutting sample in the same situation is obviously larger than that of hydraulic shearing machine and line cutting method, its peak value of strain is about 2 times that of hydraulic cutting and line cutting method. When the same compressive stress is applied to the samples of the three cutting methods, the magnetostrictive peak value increases, and the sample cut by the hydraulic shearing machine increases the maximum magnetostrictive peak value. To further study the residual stress left in the sample by three cutting methods, the variation curves of the magnetostrictive peak value with stress before and after annealing of electrical steel sheet before and after annealing are measured under different cutting methods. After annealing the magnetostrictive peak value of electrical steel sheet is less than before annealing. Annealing treatment can not only improve the purity of steel, change the grain size, but also play an important role in the improvement of magnetostrictive property of electrical steel sheet. In addition, the residual stress in the measured sample can be indirectly analyzed by the relation curve between the peak value of magnetostrictive peak and stress before and after annealing. After analysis, it is concluded that in the three cutting methods, the residual stress generated by laser cutting is the largest, it can be seen that although laser cutting has a high cutting precision, it will produce a large residual stress. Therefore, in terms of improving equipment performance or reducing noise, it is necessary to choose the cutting method. In order to analysis the magnetostriction of motor stator core, the magnetostrictive characteristic curve of electrical steel sheet was obtained by using the above experimental measurements, the magnetostrictive effect of a permanent magnet motor core is simulated and calculated. The deformation of iron core with and without external stress is compared and analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the application of stress leads to an increase in deformation of the stator core in a permanent magnet motor. The research indicates that compression stress exacerbates the magnetostrictive effect of electrical steel sheets, while laser cutting generates more residual stress and amplifies motor vibration. This study provides a scientific foundation for further analysis of iron core vibration and noise.
王振, 张艳丽, 龚园, 张殿海, 谢德馨. 机械应力下无取向电工钢片磁致伸缩特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(21): 5682-5690.
Wang Zhen, Zhang Yanli, Gong Yuan, Zhang Dianhai, Xie Dexin. Study on Magnetostrictive Properties of Non-Oriented Electrical Steel Sheet under Mechanical Stress. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(21): 5682-5690.
[1] 杨庆新, 李永建. 先进电工磁性材料特性与应用发展研究综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(20): 1-12. Yang Qingxin, Li Yongjian.Characteristics and developments of advanced magnetic materials in electrical engineering: a review[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(20): 1-12. [2] 胡静竹, 刘涤尘, 廖清芬, 等. 基于有限元法的变压器电磁振动噪声分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(15): 81-88. Hu Jingzhu, Liu Dichen, Liao Qingfen, et al.Analysis of transformer electromagnetic vibration noise based on finite element method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(15): 81-88. [3] 祝丽花, 李晶晶, 朱建国. 服役条件下取向硅钢磁致伸缩模型的研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(19): 4131-4138. Zhu Lihua, Li Jingjing, Zhu Jianguo.Research on magnetostrictive model for oriented silicon steel under service conditions[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(19): 4131-4138. [4] Anderson P.Measurement of the stress sensitivity of magnetostriction in electrical steels under distorted waveform conditions[J]. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2008, 320(20): e583-e588. [5] 李梦星, 张艳丽, 姜伟, 等. 机械应力下电工钢片磁滞与磁致伸缩回环滞后特性模拟[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(11): 2698-2706. Li Mengxing, Zhang Yanli, Jiang Wei, et al.Simulation of hysteresis and magnetostrictive loop hysteretic characteristics of electrical steel sheets under mechanical stress[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(11): 2698-2706. [6] Anderson P I, Moses A J, Stanbury H J.Assessment of the stress sensitivity of magnetostriction in grain-oriented silicon steel[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2007, 43(8): 3467-3476. [7] Klimczyk P K, Anderson P, Moses A, et al.Influence of cutting techniques on magnetostriction under stress of grain oriented electrical steel[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2012, 48(4): 1417-1420. [8] Kai Y, Tsuchida Y, Todaka T, et al.Influence of stress on vector magnetic property under rotating magnetic flux conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2012, 48(4): 1421-1424. [9] Yamagashira M, Wakabayashi D, Enokizono M.Vector magnetic properties and 2-D magnetostriction of various electrical steel sheets under rotating flux condition[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2014, 50(4): 1-4. [10] Kai Y, Tsuchida Y, Todaka T, et al.Measurement of the two-dimensional magnetostriction and the vector magnetic property for a non-oriented electrical steel sheet under stress[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2012, 111(7): 7106-7110. [11] Kai Y, Tsuchida Y, Todaka T, et al.Influence of biaxial stress on vector magnetic properties and 2-D magnetostriction of a nonoriented electrical steel sheet under alternating magnetic flux conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2014, 50(4): 1-4. [12] Rasilo P, Steentjes S, Belahcen A, et al.Model for stress-dependent hysteresis in electrical steel sheets including orthotropic anisotropy[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2017, 53(6): 1-4. [13] 祝丽花, 杨庆新, 闫荣格, 等. 考虑磁致伸缩效应电力变压器振动噪声的研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013, 28(4): 1-6, 19. Zhu Lihua, Yang Qingxin, Yan Rongge, et al.Research on vibration and noise of power transformer cores including magnetostriction effects[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(4): 1-6, 19. [14] 吴胜男, 唐任远, 韩雪岩, 等. 磁致伸缩引起的非晶合金永磁电机振动解析计算[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(13): 3635-3641. Wu Shengnan, Tang Renyuan, Han Xueyan, et al.Analytical calculation of vibration due to magnetostriction in permanent magnet machines with amorphous metal cores[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(13): 3635-3641. [15] 贲彤, 陈芳媛, 陈龙, 等. 考虑力-磁耦合效应的无取向电工钢片磁致伸缩模型的改进[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(15): 5361-5370. Ben Tong, Chen Fangyuan, Chen Long, et al.An improved magnetostrictive model of non-oriented electrical steel sheet considering force-magnetic coupling effect[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(15): 5361-5370. [16] 李劲松, 梁振宗, 孙英伦, 等. 闭合Fe-Si结构中磁致伸缩引起的机械共振研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(6): 1321-1328. Li Jinsong, Liang Zhenzong, Sun Yinglun, et al.Study of mechanical resonance induced by magnetostriction in closed structures based on Fe-Si[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(6): 1321-1328. [17] 钟思翀, 祝丽花, 王前超, 等. 电力变压器振动噪声分析及其有源降噪[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(增刊1): 11-21. Zhong Sichong, Zhu Lihua, Wang Qianchao, et al.Electromagnetic vibration of power transformer and active noise reduction[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(S1): 11-21. [18] 李慧奇, 李金博, 杨光. 间谐波激励下变压器励磁-振动特性的实验研究与计算分析[J]. 高电压技术, 2022, 48(5): 1781-1790. Li Huiqi, Li Jinbo, Yang Guang.Experimental study and calculation analysis of excitation-vibration characteristics of transformer under interharmonic excitation[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2022, 48(5): 1781-1790. [19] 袁发庭, 姬睿氢, 吕凯, 等. 考虑硅钢片磁致伸缩特性的干式铁芯电抗器铁芯振动分析及优化[J]. 高电压技术, 2023, 49(4): 1486-1494. Yuan Fating, Ji Ruiqing, Lü Kai, et al.Vibration analysis and optimization of dry-type core reactor with silicon steel sheet magnetostrictive model[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2023, 49(4): 1486-1494. [20] Somkun S, Moses A J, Anderson P I.Magnetostriction in grain-oriented electrical steels under AC magnetisation at angles to the rolling direction[J]. IET Electric Power Applications, 2016, 10(9): 932-938.
2023, Vol. 38 
