表嵌式交替极永磁电机拓扑演化及气隙磁场调制效应研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.220984

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摘要

与传统表贴式永磁（SPM）电机相比,交替极永磁（CPM）电机部分磁极被转子铁心极替代,因此具有相对较高的永磁体利用率,且具有与SPM相媲美的转矩输出能力。该文对CPM电机拓扑演化规律进行分析,总结CPM电机不同永磁结构下的磁极特征。在此基础上,量化分析不同永磁结构下CPM电机气隙磁通密度调制谐波的转矩贡献,揭示不同永磁结构对CPM电机气隙磁场调制效应的影响规律。制作了一台CPM样机并进行了样机试验,验证了理论分析与仿真的可靠性。

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	李亚
	周庆林
	丁石川
	李伟
	杭俊

关键词 ：磁场调制效应, 交替极, 转矩量化分析, 永磁电机

Abstract：

Compared with traditional surfaced-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machine, the consequent- pole permanent magnet (CPM) structures show a higher permanent magnet (PM) utilization ratio and comparable torque capability. Thus, the various PM arrangements are developed and studied in recent years. However, the corresponding topology evolution and the underlying air-gap field modulation (AGFM) mechanism are unrevealed. To present an in-depth understanding of their torque production principle, the topology evaluation and their AGFM effect in the surface-inset CPM machines were investigated and compared.
Firstly, topology evaluation of the CPM machines with different PM arrangements was illustrated by adopting PM unit concept. According to their relationship of the rotor modulated teeth and PM pole-pair number, the CPM machines with different pole-pair PMs in a PM unit was developed. Different from conventional CPM configurations share with same PM pole-pair and rotor modulated teeth, the unconventional CPM machines have the unequal number of the PM pole-pair and rotor modulated teeth. Some topological evolution rules can be summarized as: (1) When n (≥2) pole-pair of PMs are included in a PM unit, n typical non-traditional CPM structures can be formed. (2) An unconventional CPM machine with n (≥2) pole-pair of PMs in a PM unit, the maximum number of the rotor modulated teeth is n-1. (3) Because the S pole (or N pole) and the adjacent N and S poles in a PM unit can be replaced by the rotor iron teeth, there are two types of non-traditional CPM structures can be formed when the rotor modulation tooth is 1 in a PM unit.
To identify the different PM arrangement on their air-gap magnetic field, torque contributions of the various air-gap field harmonics were quantified by Maxwell Stress Tensor method (MSTD). The simulation results show that various air-gap field modulated harmonics are responsible for torque generation in three typical CPM machines, which implies that the pronounced AGFM effect can be obtained in conventional and unconventional CPM cases. Besides, compared with other modulated field harmonics, the |Z_r-Z_s| (5^th), 2Z_r (8^th) and |Z_r+Z_s|(13^rd) contributes a relatively higher torque components in conventional CPM machine. However, apart from the |Z_r-Z_s| (5^th), 2Z_r (8^th) and |Z_r+Z_s|(13^rd), the Z_m (2^nd)、|Z_m+Z_s| (7^th) and |Z_m-2Z_s| (16^th) are also participating in torque production. Although more air-gap field harmonics are responsible for torque generation in unconventional CPM structure, its total torque proportion of the modulated field harmonics is lower than the conventional CPM case. This is mainly due to the relatively lower amplitudes of the Z_r (4^th) air-gap flux density in unconventional CPM machines. To confirm the abovementioned analysis, a CPM machine prototype was manufactured. Some tested results on the open-circuit back-EMF and electromagnetic torques were measured and compared with simulations, which verifies the effectiveness of the theoretical and simulated analyses.
Some conclusions can be drawn from the simulation and experimental analyses: (1) Because of the unequal number of the PM pole-pair and rotor modulated teeth, the unconventional CPM machines exhibits a relatively lower Z_r order air-gap flux density and hence resulting a lower torque capability. (2) Although various air-gap field harmonics can be modulated in unconventional CPM structure, the total torque proportion of the modulated field harmonics is less than 2 %, which indicates that the unconventional CPM machine can be seen as a typical traditional PM synchronous machine with only one working harmonic for torque generation. (3) Due to the higher torque proportion of the air-gap field modulation harmonics, the conventional CPM machines show a pronounced AGFM effect than unconventional counterparts.

Key words： Air-gap field modulation effect consequent-pole permanent magnet machine torque quanti- fication

收稿日期: 2022-05-31

PACS:

TM351

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金项目（51607001, 52177027, 52107034）、安徽省自然科学基金优秀青年项目（2108085Y18）、安徽省高校优秀青年人才重点项目（gxyqZD2021090）和安徽省重大科技专项（202203c08020010）资助

通讯作者: 丁石川男,1980年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为高品质电机及驱动系统设计与控制、故障诊断、容错控制。E-mail:dsc@ahu.edu.cn

作者简介: 李亚男,1991年生,博士,研究方向为电机设计及其控制。E-mail: yali@ahu.edu.cn

引用本文:

李亚, 周庆林, 丁石川, 李伟, 杭俊. 表嵌式交替极永磁电机拓扑演化及气隙磁场调制效应研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(12): 3188-3198. Li Ya, Zhou Qinglin, Ding Shichuan, Li Wei, Hang Jun. Investigation of Topologies Evolution and Air-Gap Field Modulation Effect on Surface-Inset Consequent-Pole PM Machines. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(12): 3188-3198.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.220984 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2023/V38/I12/3188

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