Active phased array radar is a new type of solid-state radar, which has the characteristics of multi-function, multi-target and high reliability. In active phased array radar, each antenna unit is equipped with a transmitting/receiving module (TR module). The TR module operates in pulse load mode, which requires a constant voltage and pulse current. The TR module of phased array radar is characterized by a high pulse current slew rate and a high pulse repetition frequency of more than 20kHz. It puts forward high requirements on the load dynamic performance of pulse power supply.
In order to meet the increasing pulse repetition frequency and pulse current slew rate of TR module, this paper proposes a switching-linear hybrid method for the application of high frequency pulse load. The switching-linear parallel system is built based on the theoretical analysis. A 1MHz interleaving parallel synchronous rectifier Buck converter based on GaN device and a bidirectional high-speed linear circuit are used in parallel. The method combines high dynamic response speed of linear circuit and high conversion efficiency of switching circuit. The power supply performance of high di/dt pulse load is effectively improved without sacrificing the system efficiency and power density.
The switching-linear hybrid structure and parallel control strategy of pulse power supply are proposed. In order to achieve the high load dynamic response speed, the output impedance characteristics of the linear circuit in each spectrum are explained based on the method of device-level modeling. The operational amplifier compensator of the linear circuit is designed specifically and the bandwidth is configured at 5MHz. It effectively improves the loop bandwidth of the linear voltage regulator circuit so that it could perform fast power tracking. With the improvement of dynamic performance, the quality of the pulse waveform is improved by the correction of the upper and lower edges of the pulse current. In order to achieve high system efficiency, a wide band gap device: GaN EPC2031 is used to increase the switching frequency to 1MHz. By increasing the switching frequency, the filter inductance is reduced to 680nH so that it can efficiently provide the main pulse power at a fast speed. Based on the dynamic loop modeling method of the parallel system, the power ratio of the switching circuit in the whole power system is improved. The linear circuit only operates in the transient load mutation moment and the switching circuit provides main power during the pulse holding period. In this way, the efficiency of the entire power system is effectively optimized.
Aiming at the high frequency radar pulse load with a repetition frequency of 50kHz, mutation current of 15A and a peak power of 120W, this paper establishes a principle prototype of the pulse power supply with the pulse current rise and fall time within 50ns. The output voltage drop is less than 5%. Compared with the mentioned interleaving parallel Buck converter, the dynamic response speed is increased by 5 times and the voltage drop is reduced by 57% under switching-linear hybrid structure. This scheme avoids filling large capacitors on the output side and uses only a 60μF patch capacitor as the energy storage capacitor.
The experimental results show that the pulse power supply based on this architecture can effectively track the ultra-fast load mutation. The volume and cost of the passive components in the pulse load converter are reduced, thus increasing the power density. It can significantly improve the dynamic response capability of pulse power supply and increase the power supply stability of pulse load.
樊靖轩, 施佳楠, 徐子梁, 任小永, 陈乾宏. 基于GaN的开关线性复合高速随动脉冲负载直流变换器[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 139-139.
Fan Jingxuan, Shi Jianan, Xu Ziliang, Ren Xiaoyong, Chen Qianhong. High Speed Switching-Linear Hybrid Followed-up Pulse Load DC Converter Based on GaN Device. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 139-139.
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