直驱风机惯量支撑与一次调频协调控制策略

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.L90078

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摘要在风力发电机传统最大功率跟踪控制的基础上,增加惯量支撑和一次调频功能,可以使风机表现出并网友好型特点。合理设计调频功能的供能方式至关重要,并且不同功能间的协调控制是技术难点。该文针对单台并网直驱风机,在全风速工况下,提出一种惯量支撑与一次调频协调控制策略,通过采用附加功率给定控制,利用风机机械动能实现虚拟惯量支撑,在背靠背变流器直流母线侧配置储能,并结合变功率跟踪控制实现一次调频功能。该策略通过多种能量形式的互补配合,不仅能降低储能配置容量,还可解决频率的二次跌落问题,并避免常规减载预留备用带来的电能浪费、调节裕度不足等问题,从而整体提升风机控制性能和调频经济性。根据相关行业标准,设计了协调策略的逻辑控制原则,以实现电网频率发生波动后不同调频方式间的平滑切换。最终通过搭建四机两区域仿真系统验证了该策略的优良特性。

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关键词 ：虚拟惯量, 一次调频, 超级电容, 变功率跟踪, 协调控制

Abstract：On the basis of the traditional MPPT control, adding inertia support and primary frequency regulation can make grid-connected wind turbines show friendliness characteristics. It is very important to design the energy supply mode of regulation function reasonably, and the coordination control between different functions is the technical difficulty. The paper focuses on single grid-connected direct-driven wind turbine, proposing a coordinated control strategy of inertia support and primary frequency regulation over full-range of wind speed. By regulating the reference active power of the controller,the proposed strategy adopts the rotor kinetic energy to realize inertial support, and uses the additional energy storage device combining with variable power tracking control to provide the energy of primary frequency regulation. This proposed strategy not only can reduce the need of energy storage configuration, but also solves the problem of frequency secondary drop. Besides, it avoids the problems of energy loss and insufficient regulating margin which are caused by conventional spare capacity for load reduction. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the theory are verified by simulation.

Key words： Virtual inertia primary regulation super capacitor variable power point tracking (VPPT) coordinated control

收稿日期: 2020-06-20

PACS:

TM74

通讯作者: 王德胜男,1994年生,博士研究生,研究方向为微网运行及接口变换器控制。 E-mail：deshengw@foxmail.com

作者简介: 颜湘武男,1965年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新能源电力系统分析与控制、现代电力变换、新型储能与节能技术。 E-mail：xiangwuy@ncepu.edu.cn

引用本文:

颜湘武, 王德胜, 杨琳琳, 贾焦心, 李铁成. 直驱风机惯量支撑与一次调频协调控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(15): 3282-3292. Yan Xiangwu, Wang Desheng, Yang Linlin, Jia Jiaoxin, Li Tiecheng. Coordinated Control Strategy of Inertia Support and Primary Frequency Regulation of PMSG. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(15): 3282-3292.

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