振荡雷电冲击电压下气体绝缘组合电器中极不均匀场击穿特性研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.190605

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摘要气体绝缘组合电器(GIS)是电力系统中的关键设备,冲击耐压试验是其安全可靠运行的重要保证。其中,振荡雷电冲击(OLI)和双指数雷电冲击(ALI)均适用于现场,但目前对两类波形异同的认识还不清晰,因此应首先研究OLI和ALI下绝缘缺陷的放电特性。该文针对GIS中极不均匀电场,构建高压导杆尖端缺陷,对比研究其在OLI和ALI下击穿特性。首先搭建冲击电压发生器,产生四种OLI和两种ALI;然后在363kV GIS中构建高压导杆尖端缺陷,尖端长12mm,端部曲率半径0.4mm,进而通过试验研究其50%击穿电压和伏秒特性。结果表明OLI和ALI下50%击穿电压差异极小,从检测尖端缺陷的角度而言,它们是等效的;随着波前时间的增大,50%击穿电压先降低后升高,3μs时最低,比1.2μs低1.5%,13μs时则升高约10%;OLI下击穿点集中在各波峰附近,伏秒特性呈分散状,ALI下则连续分布在波峰附近,当波前时间大于3μs时,两类波形下伏秒特性趋于重合。研究成果加深了对振荡雷电冲击下SF₆中极不均匀场放电现象的认识,也为GIS现场冲击耐压试验波形参数的科学选择提供了支撑。

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关键词 ：气体绝缘组合电器, 振荡雷电冲击, 极不均匀场, 50%击穿电压, 伏秒特性, 等效性

Abstract：Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is the key equipment of power system. Impulse voltage withstand test is an important guarantee for its safe and reliable operation, in which both oscillating lightning impulse (OLI) and aperiodic lightning impulse (ALI) can be used in field. However, the similarities and differences between the two types of waveforms are still unclear. Thus, breakdown characteristics of insulation defects under OLI and ALI should be studied first. This paper sets up a protrusion defect on HV conductor to form non-uniform field distribution, and compares the breakdown characteristics under ALI and OLI. An impulse voltage generator was firstly established to generate 4 OLIs and 2 ALIs. A protrusion defect on HV conductor was set up in 363kV GIS chamber. Its length was 12mm and top radius of curvature was 0.4mm. Then 50% probability breakdown voltage (U_50%) and voltage-time (V-t) characteristics were experimentally studied. The results show that the U_50% difference between OLI and ALI is small. They are equivalent considering the detection for protrusion defect. With the increase of wavefront, U_50% decreases first and then increases. It is the lowest at 3μs, 1.5% lower than that at 1.2μs, and about 10% higher at 13μs. Breakdowns under OLI occur around each waveform peak, and V-t plots are dispersed. V-t plots under ALI always occur around the waveform peak continuously. Their V-t characteristics tend to coincide when wavefront exceeds 3μs. The results deepen the understanding of discharge phenomenon of non-uniform field in SF₆ under OLI, and also provide support for the scientific selection of waveform parameters in field impulse voltage withstand test of GIS.

Key words： Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) oscillating lightning impulse (OLI) non-uniform field 50% probability breakdown voltage voltage-time characteristics equivalence

收稿日期: 2019-05-20

PACS:

TM855

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51877169)

通讯作者: 李军浩男,1980年生,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向电力设备新型现场试验及测量技术、电气设备绝缘特性及检测技术。E-mail: junhaoli@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 张亮男,1988年生,博士,研究方向为气体放电。E-mail: zhangliang129@stu.xjtu.edu.cn

引用本文:

张亮, 何聪, 李军浩, 李渊. 振荡雷电冲击电压下气体绝缘组合电器中极不均匀场击穿特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(12): 2672-2680. Zhang Liang, He Cong, Li Junhao, Li Yuan. Breakdown Characteristics Study of Non-Uniform Field in Gas Insulated Switchgear under Oscillating Lightning Impulses. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(12): 2672-2680.

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