永磁风力发电机风冷结构设计与分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.L80756

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摘要随着永磁风力发电机单机容量的不断增大和电磁负荷的不断提高,其冷却结构的合理设计已成为发电机研发过程中的重点与难点。以一台1.65 MW强迫风冷直驱永磁风力发电机为例,基于计算流体力学和传热学理论,建立发电机全域三维流动与传热耦合模型,应用有限体积法数值分析发电机内的流动和温升分布状态。针对强迫风冷结构需要外接风机而占用系统空间大、清洁维护难度高的问题,提出一种由转子辐板支架作为离心式风扇驱动冷却风的全封闭式自循环风冷系统。通过不同冷却结构尺寸下散热性能的对比研究,给出了较适宜的发电机冷却结构方案,对提高大型永磁风力发电机的运行可靠性具有一定的参考意义。

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关键词 ：永磁风力发电机, 通风结构, 温度场, 流体场

Abstract：With the increasing development of the unit capacity and the electromagnetic load, the rational design of the cooling structure has become an important task in the research and development of permanent magnet (PM) wind generators. A 1.65 MW forced-air-cooled direct-drive PM wind generator is investigated based on the computation fluid dynamics (CFD) and the numerical heat transfer theory. The finite volume method (FVM) is employed to analyze the fluid flow and the temperature distributions of the machine with a 3-D fluidic-thermal coupled model. A self-circulated ventilation system is proposed and analyzed to solve the problems of the spaces taken up and the maintain difficulties introduced by the external blowers. The cooling air is driven by the structural plates as the centrifugal fan to cool the generator by passing through the axial and radial vents. The cooling effects of the system with different ventilation structures and sizes are compared, and the proper one is presented. The achievements of this paper can provide certain guidance for improving the heat dissipation capacity of large-scale PM wind generators.

Key words： Permanent magnet wind generator ventilation structure thermal field fluid-flow field

收稿日期: 2018-07-10 出版日期: 2019-03-21

PACS:

TM351

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（51777136）、天津市人才发展特殊支持计划高层次创新创业团队项目（TD13-5040）和博士后创新人才支持计划项目（BX201700169）资助

通讯作者: 刘晓明,女,1968年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为智能电器、现代高电压电器设计及应用研究、高电压与绝缘技术、能源互联网等。E-mail：liuxiaoming@tjpu.edu.cn

作者简介: 朱高嘉,男,1989年生,博士,讲师,研究方向为多物理场耦合数值计算方法。E-mail：zhugaojia@tjpu.edu.cn

引用本文:

朱高嘉,刘晓明,李龙女,高圣伟,佟文明. 永磁风力发电机风冷结构设计与分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(5): 946-953. Zhu Gaojia, Liu Xiaoming, Li Longnü, Gao Shengwei, Tong Wenming. Design and Analysis of the Ventilation Structure for a Permanent Magnet Wind Generator. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(5): 946-953.

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