面向有源配电网的电磁式柔性互联装置研究进展

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250381

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摘要

目前,主流的电力电子式柔性互联技术备受关注,然而其经济性、可靠性的不足制约了在点多面广配电网中的推广应用。电磁式柔性互联技术具有成本低、抗冲击能力好和无谐波的优势,为配电网柔性互联提供了另一种有效的解决方案。该文系统地综述了三种主流的电磁式柔性互联装置,包括旋转潮流控制器（RPFC）、“Sen”变压器（ST）和移相变压器（PST）。首先,介绍了这三种装置的技术发展沿革;其次,对三者的本体拓扑及其衍生拓扑进行介绍,包括三者补偿电压的形成及调节潮流的基本原理,总结了三种装置的控制策略及在配电网中的应用场景;最后,总结了三种装置的联系与共同点、发展瓶颈及可改进的方向,并展望了其未来技术发展趋势。

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关键词 ：柔性互联技术, 电磁式柔性互联装置, 旋转潮流控制器, “Sen”变压器, 移相变压器

Abstract：

With the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power, distribution networks face a series of challenges, including uneven power flow distribution and declining system stability. The traditional distribution network structure and regulation methods are no longer sufficient to meet the current demands for flexibility and stability. Therefore, enhancing the flexibility, controllability of power flow, and system stability of distribution networks has become a core focus in distribution network development research. Flexible interconnection technology has emerged in this context. It enables flexible regulation between multiple AC distribution feeders through asynchronous ring operation, without the need to increase short-circuit capacity. This effectively optimizes power flow distribution, balances load, reduces line losses, and enhances system reliability and stability.
Currently, power electronic devices are the mainstream solution for flexible interconnection technology, playing a significant role in providing reactive power compensation, voltage regulation, and power flow control. However, with the increasing complexity of distribution networks, power electronic devices have revealed certain limitations, especially in terms of reliability, shock resistance, cost-effectiveness, and harmonic issues. Electromagnetic flexible interconnection devices, with their lower cost, stronger shock resistance, and harmonic-free advantages, have emerged as a feasible alternative and have gained increasing attention.
This paper systematically reviews three major electromagnetic flexible interconnection devices: rotary power flow controller (RPFC), “Sen” transformer (ST), and phase shifting transformer (PST). These three devices each have their own unique characteristics in terms of technological development, application principles, and advantages. First, the paper introduces the development history of these three devices, emphasizing their growing importance in distribution networks. Then, it delves into the core topology of these devices and the design principles of their derived topologies, analyzing how each device adjusts compensating voltage to regulate power flow. Specifically, RPFC uses rotating phase-shifting transformers and motor drives to continuously adjust the voltage phase for power flow control, making it particularly suitable for low-voltage distribution networks. With its electromagnetic drive, RPFC has strong anti-interference capabilities, enabling it to maintain high stability when sudden disturbances occur in the power grid. ST and PST, on the other hand, use multi-tap designs in transformers to adjust voltage amplitude and phase, achieving dynamic power flow regulation. This allows ST and PST to perform with high reliability and low cost in medium and high-voltage distribution networks.
However, despite the significant advantages of electromagnetic devices in many aspects, they still face certain technical bottlenecks. For example, the adjustment accuracy and capacity of RPFC limit its application in large-scale distribution networks, especially when dealing with high-load power flow scheduling. While ST and PST can improve grid stability to some extent, they still require enhancements in regulation accuracy and response speed. To address these issues, the paper proposes several possible improvement directions, including optimizing design and materials to improve RPFC’s adaptability and accuracy, enhancing the adjustment range and response speed of ST and PST, and developing new hybrid devices such as the electromagnetic hybrid power flow controller (EHPFC).
Looking ahead, as power electronic devices gradually reveal their shortcomings in certain application scenarios, the complementarity between electromagnetic flexible interconnection devices and power electronic devices will become an important trend in the development of flexible interconnection technology for distribution networks. Through technological innovation, especially the development of hybrid devices, electromagnetic devices are expected to overcome the shortcomings of traditional devices in response speed and regulation accuracy while maintaining low cost and high reliability. Overall, electromagnetic flexible interconnection technology will play an increasingly important role in modern distribution networks, becoming a vital means of enhancing the stability, flexibility, and load-bearing capacity of distribution networks. The widespread application of this technology will provide strong support for the intelligent development of distribution networks.

Key words： Flexible interconnection technology electromagnetic flexible interconnection devices rotary power flow controller &#x0201c Sen&#x0201d transformer phase shifting transformer

收稿日期: 2025-03-10

PACS:

TM761

基金资助:

中央高校基本科研业务费专项（2024MS110）和国家自然科学基金青年项目（52207102）资助

通讯作者: 邵晨男,1995年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为电力系统分析、配电网电压/潮流控制和规划调度等。E-mail：shaochen_336@163.com

作者简介: 贾焦心男,1991年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为微电网运行及接口变换器控制、新能源发电系统建模和控制。

引用本文:

贾焦心, 李豪迈, 邵晨, 颜湘武, 吴鸣, 张波. 面向有源配电网的电磁式柔性互联装置研究进展[J]. 电工技术学报, 2026, 41(7): 2411-2432. Jia Jiaoxin, Li Haomai, Shao Chen, Yan Xiangwu, Wu Ming, Zhang Bo. Research Progress on Electromagnetic Flexible Interconnection Devices for Active Distribution Networks. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(7): 2411-2432.

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