双馈风电场并网引起火电机组多模态次同步谐振机理分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240366

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摘要

双馈风电场接入含串补输电线路系统时,会对火电机组次同步谐振(SSR)产生影响,但其次同步控制互作用(SSCI)对火电机组SSR的影响尚未明确。本文针对风火打捆经串补外送系统,对各元件进行“模块化”建模,通过将火电机组复频域模型推广至双馈风机（DFIG）,提出一种适用于含双馈风电场系统的分散消元式复转矩系数法。然后,利用该方法从阻尼特性角度阐释系统引起多模态SSR机理,并分析主导振荡因素对SSR的影响。结果表明,串补是引发SSR的主导因素,不同串补度可能引发不同模态的SSR,同时DFIG并网可能引入SSCI助增某个弱阻尼模态SSR分量,引发新的SSR模态失稳,当两者作用于不同模态时,将可能导致系统出现多模态SSR;在一定串补度范围内,降低串补度有利于SSR稳定性;串补输电线路电阻对不同模态阻尼产生的影响不同,合理的电阻值有利于降低SSR风险;随双馈风电场容量的增加,火电机组阻尼增大,SSR稳定性提高;基于PSCAD/EMTDC的时域仿真和实际系统算例验证了理论分析的正确性。

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	马燕峰
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关键词 ：双馈风电场, 复转矩系数法, 阻尼特性, 次同步谐振, 次同步控制互作用

Abstract：

With the implementation of the "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals", the wind-thermal bundled system has become the main form of wind power transmission in recent years. However, when the doubly-fed wind farm is integrated into power system with series compensated transmission lines, it may have an impact on the subsynchronous resonance (SSR) of the thermal power unit and threaten the safe and stable operation of the system. Therefore, the oscillation problem cannot be ignored. The influence of sub-synchronous control interaction (SSCI) caused by doubly-fed wind farms on SSR of thermal power units is not clear.
Firstly, the 'modular' modeling of each component is carried out for the doubly-fed wind farm and the thermal power unit bundled series compensated transmission system. By extending the complex frequency domain model of the thermal power unit to the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), a complex torque coefficient method with decentralized elimination of variables suitable for the system with doubly-fed wind farm is put forward. Secondly, the complex torque coefficients of the thermal power unit and DFIG in classical example are obtained by using the proposed method. The mechanism of multi-mode SSR caused by the system is explained from the perspective of damping characteristics, and the SSR mechanism is verified by time-domain simulation. Then, the conclusions and methods are further verified by the actual system examples in North China. Finally, the influence of dominant oscillation factors including series compensation degree, SSCI, series compensation transmission line resistance and wind farm grid-connected capacity on SSR is analyzed.
The mechanism analysis of SSR generation in the system shows that, after the system is subjected to small disturbances, if the electrical resonance frequency caused by series compensation is close to the SSR modal frequency, the electrical damping of the thermal power unit will show a large negative value, resulting in SSR instability. At the same time, when the system has a weak damping SSR mode, the generated small SSR component will enter the control link of the DFIG through the line. If the DFIG shows a large negative damping in this mode, it will help to increase the subsynchronous component current corresponding to the weak damping mode, and then stimulate each other with the shaft of the thermal power unit, resulting in the aggravation of the SSR component in this mode, thus causing SSR instability.
The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) Compared with the traditional complex torque coefficient method, the proposed method can avoid the dimension disaster problem to a certain extent, realize the modularization of each component, and is easy to model and versatile. Compared with the time domain simulation method, it can provide more oscillation information of the system, explain the oscillation mechanism and characteristics, and calculate quickly. It is suitable for multi-machine systems. 2) The inappropriate series compensation degree is the dominant factor causing SSR instability of the system, and different series compensation degrees may lead to different modes of SSR. At the same time, DFIG grid connection may introduce SSCI. If the DFIG presents a large negative damping in a SSR weak damping mode, it will help to increase the subsynchronous component current of the mode, and then stimulate each other with the shaft of the thermal power unit, causing new SSR mode instability. When the two act on different modes, it may lead to multi-mode SSR instability in the system. 3) The series compensation degree has a great influence on the damping characteristics. Within a certain range of series compensation degree, reducing the series compensation degree is beneficial to the stability of SSR. When the resistance of the series compensated transmission line changes, the change trend of different mode damping is different. Selecting a reasonable series compensated transmission line resistance is beneficial to reduce the risk of SSR. With the increase of the capacity of the doubly-fed wind farm, the damping of the thermal power unit increases and the stability of the SSR increases.

Key words： Doubly-fed wind farm complex torque coefficient method damping characteristic SSR SSCI

收稿日期: 2024-03-06

PACS:

TM712

通讯作者: 程有深男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定性分析。E-mail：1500903459@qq.com

作者简介: 马燕峰女,1978年生,副教授,研究方向新能源电力系统分析、运行与控制。E-mail：ma_yanfeng01@163.com

引用本文:

马燕峰, 程有深, 赵书强, 赵志冲, 王翌静. 双馈风电场并网引起火电机组多模态次同步谐振机理分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 240366-. Ma Yanfeng, Cheng Youshen, Zhao Shuqiang, Zhao Zhichong, Wang Yijing. Mechanism Analysis of Multi-mode SSR of Thermal Power Unit Caused by Doubly Fed Wind Farm Integration. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 240366-.

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