具有恒压输出特性的电场耦合式动态无线电能传输技术

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221705

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摘要

电场耦合式无线电能传输(Electric-filed Coupled Wireless Power Transfer, EC-WPT)技术具有耦合机构轻、涡流损耗小和抗偏移性强等优势,这些优势很好的契合了动态无线电能传输系统的需求。但是,耦合参数和负载电阻的时变性会对EC-WPT系统的输出电压平稳性产生影响。因此,本文提出了一种具有变负载与过分段恒压输出特性的动态EC-WPT系统。基于反混合G参数建立了多端口电场耦合机构数学模型和等效电路,在此模型上提出了兼具极板恒压与输出恒压特性的高阶补偿网络,并分析了发射端同侧耦合对系统谐振的影响。理论分析表明所设计的动态EC-WPT系统兼具变负载和过分段输出电压平稳的特性,同时论证了同侧耦合对系统的谐振的影响为感性。实验结果显示当直流侧负载从100 Ω切换到30 Ω时,系统输出电压变化率最大为11.58%,变负载电压基本恒定。30 Ω负载下系统动态经过供电分段时输出电压跌落最大为2.33%,100 Ω负载下系统动态经过供电分段时则为2.06%,过供电分段输出电压基本保持恒定。

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关键词 ：动态无线电能传输, 电场耦合式无线电能传输, 变负载, 过分段, 恒压输出

Abstract：

Electric-field coupled wireless power transfer (EC-WPT) system uses high frequency electric field among metal plates to realize power transmission, which has the advantages of light coupling interface, low eddy current and better anti-misalignment. Dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) technology can realize continuous power supply during the moving process of electrical equipment. The advantages of EC-WPT technology are highly consistent with the special requirements of DWPT, because the moving equipment has restrict requirements on the volume and weight of the power receiving unit of the DWPT system.
DWPT system usually adopts segmented transmitting coils or plates. However, the segmented transmitting structure introduces two new problems for DWPT systems: (1) when the distance between the adjacent transmitting plates is small, the mutual coupling between the transmitting ports will affect the system resonance; on the contrary, when the adjacent plates are far apart, the output voltage will drop when the receiver is moving over the segments. (2) How to keep the system voltage gain consistent when the receiver position and load resistance change.
In the existing researches on EC-WPT system, decoupled electric-field coupler that suitable for DWPT system has not been proposed, so the same-sided coupling between adjacent transmitters of EC-WPT system is unavoidable. Moreover, the influence principle of same-sided coupling on the resonance of dynamic EC-WPT system is not well researched either. Because the EC-WPT system uses electric field as power transfer medium, the electric field intensity around transmitting plates should be evenly distributed to ensure a constant induced voltage on the receiver under different operating conditions. Then the output voltage of the dynamic EC-WPT system can be kept constant under varying receiver positions and load resistance by using a LCLC-S compensation network. The main contents of this paper are as follows:
For the segmented coupler of the dynamic EC-WPT system, an inverse hybrid G-parameter model of multi-port electric field coupler is proposed based on the existing multi-port Z-parameter model. In the proposed model, the self-capacitance on the primary side is connected with the reflected impedance (or controlled source) in parallel. Then the constant voltage of the transmitting plates is achieved by using a high-order compensation network of LCLC-S topology. Finally, the influence of the same-side coupling between the transmitters on the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) condition of the inverter is also analyzed in detail.
Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed system has the properties of constant output voltage against the variable load and different receiver positions. The influence of the same-sided coupling makes the input impedance slightly inductive, which is beneficial to the ZVS condition of inverters. In the experiment, a prototype of dynamic EC-WPT system is constructed. The experimental results show that when the load varies from 100 Ω to 30 Ω, the maximum change rate of the system output voltage is 11.58%. When the power pickup moves over two adjacent transmitters, the change rate of the system output voltage is no more than 2.33% when the load is 30 Ω, and no more than 2.06% when the load is 100 Ω. Overall, the output voltage of the proposed system is approximately constant in both cases above.

Key words： Dynamic wireless power transfer electric-field coupled wireless power transfer (EC-WPT) load variation over segment constant voltage output

收稿日期: 2022-09-06

PACS:

TM724

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（51907170）和四川省科技计划（2021YFH0039）资助项目

通讯作者: 周玮男,1990年生,博士,副研究员,硕士生导师,研究方向为无线电能传输技术及其应用。E-mail：wzhou@swjtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 唐丁源男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向电场耦合式无线电能传输技术。E-mail：tdy@my.swjtu.edu.cn

引用本文:

唐丁源, 周玮, 黄亮, 麦瑞坤, 何正友. 具有恒压输出特性的电场耦合式动态无线电能传输技术[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 84-84. Tang Dingyuan, Zhou Wei, Huang Liang, Mai Ruikun, He Zhengyou. Dynamic Electric-Filed Coupled Wireless Power Transfer System with Constant Voltage Output Characteristics. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 84-84.

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