电工技术学报  2024, Vol. 39 Issue (12): 3589-3601    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230549
电工理论 |
无线电能传输系统最大效率追踪及恒压输出复合控制方法
黄文聪, 饶天彪, 蒋煊焱, 胡滢, 常雨芳
湖北工业大学太阳能高效利用及储能运行控制湖北省重点实验室 武汉 430068
Maximum Efficiency Tracking and Constant Voltage Output Compound Control Method for Wireless Power Transfer System
Huang Wencong, Rao Tianbiao, Jiang Xuanyan, Hu Ying, Chang Yufang
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for High-Efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China
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摘要 针对无线电能传输(WPT)系统的传输效率受耦合线圈之间的互感以及负载影响的特点,该文提出一种基于阻抗匹配技术的最大效率追踪及基于前馈PI控制的恒压输出复合控制方法。首先,对双边LCC型WPT系统的参数和传输效率进行分析,通过调整系统参数优化系统的传输效率。其次,在二次侧使用DC-DC变换器采用阻抗匹配的方法实现最大效率追踪,同时在一次侧采用DC-DC变换器利用前馈PI控制器闭环控制负载端电压实现恒压输出。该方法中,效率追踪和电压控制之间相互独立,互不干扰。此外,该方法还通过系统工作时的电路参数来估算线圈间的互感值,并通过线性拟合的方法对该估算互感值进行修正,得到更精确的互感估算值。最后,通过搭建实验平台验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。与PI控制相比,前馈PI控制方法在快速性和抗扰动性上均具有明显优势。
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黄文聪
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常雨芳
关键词 无线电能传输最大效率追踪恒压输出前馈PI控制互感识别    
Abstract:Currently, the critical challenge in the practical application of wireless power transfer (WPT) technology lies in the inability to guarantee a constant voltage output and high-efficiency power transmission. Many researchers have studied these two issues. However, most focus on the constant output voltage or system transmission efficiency separately. Therefore, this paper proposes a compound control method for maximizing efficiency tracking and maintaining a constant voltage output in a WPT system.
Firstly, four-switch buck-boost (FSBB) converters are added to the primary and secondary sides in a double-sided LCC compensation topology for the WPT system. The transmission power and efficiency of this structural WPT system are derived, and the compensation component parameters are analyzed. A method for optimizing the compensation component parameters is presented. Furthermore, a maximum efficiency tracking strategy is obtained by the impedance matching principle of the secondary side FSBB converter. A feedforward PI controller is designed based on the voltage gain expression of the WPT system, which controls the primary side FSBB converter to maintain a constant output voltage at the load terminals. Additionally, the mutual inductance value of the coupling coil is estimated according to the voltages and currents of each branch during the operation of the WPT system and the system's component parameters. A linear fitting method is proposed to correct the estimated mutual inductance value. Combined the maximum efficiency tracking strategy with the constant voltage control strategy, a compound control method is developed, and a flowchart of the control method is provided. Finally, the proposed compound control method is validated through experiments.
Experimental results show that the average relative error of the estimated mutual inductance and mutual inductance correction is 4.74% and 0.69%, respectively. The proposed mutual inductance estimation method is verified. Regarding constant voltage output, the feedforward PI control method has a fast response speed and strong disturbance rejection compared to the traditional PI control method. Regarding maximum efficiency tracking, when the load varies within the range of 1~50 Ω, the power transmission efficiency of the WPT system remains above 80%.
In conclusion, this paper studies the impact of system load and coil displacement on output voltage and energy transmission efficiency in WPT systems. A compound control method is proposed for maximum efficiency tracking and constant voltage output. The main conclusions are: (1) The characteristics of the double-sided LCC-type WPT system are analyzed, and a compensation parameter optimization design method is proposed. (2) A maximum efficiency tracking method for WPT systems is introduced, and a suitable feedforward PI controller is designed. (3) A mutual inductance estimation method is proposed for WPT systems, improving system robustness by correcting the estimation results with linear fitting. The proposed control method can be applied to static WPT occasions, such as electric bicycles, AGV vehicles, and low-speed dynamic WPT systems.
Key wordsWireless power transfer    maximum efficiency tracking    constant voltage output    feed-forward PI control    mutual inductance recognition   
收稿日期: 2023-04-27     
PACS: TM724  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金(61903129)和湖北工业大学博士科研启动基金(BSQD2020012)资助项目
通讯作者: 黄文聪 男,1977年生,博士,副教授,研究方向无线电能传输技术、电力电子与电力传动等。E-mail: hwc@hbut.edu.cn   
作者简介: 饶天彪 男,2001年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为无线电能传输技术、电力电子与电力传动等。E-mail: 102200220@hbut.edu.cn
引用本文:   
黄文聪, 饶天彪, 蒋煊焱, 胡滢, 常雨芳. 无线电能传输系统最大效率追踪及恒压输出复合控制方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(12): 3589-3601. Huang Wencong, Rao Tianbiao, Jiang Xuanyan, Hu Ying, Chang Yufang. Maximum Efficiency Tracking and Constant Voltage Output Compound Control Method for Wireless Power Transfer System. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(12): 3589-3601.
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