特高压交流输电线路附近钢架平台处人体与晾衣架感应电特性研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231451

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摘要

特高压交流输电线路附近钢架平台处人体接触晾衣架等金属物可能会发生暂态电击,造成居民不悦感与惊吓,因此研究上述场景下的感应电特性至关重要。该文利用有限元方法建立1 000 kV线路模型,计算了晾衣架和人体的感应电压,然后基于Matlab建立了暂态电击模型,计算了发生电击时的电击电流。结果表明：平台处人体与晾衣架的感应电压与所处位置有关,高度越高,感应电压越高,暂态电击电流也越大;人体是否绝缘对感应电压和暂态电流大小影响较大。最后,该文在1 000 kV特高压交流线路下方附近区域搭建了钢架平台,对人体与平台上晾衣架间的暂态电击特性进行实际测量,获得了电击发生时的暂态电流特征。通过对比可知,实验结果与仿真结果基本保持一致,验证了模型的有效性。

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关键词 ：输电线路, 感应电, 钢架平台, 暂态电击

Abstract：

With the increasing number of transmission lines, the line corridors are becoming scarce and the proximity of lines to residential areas is more common. Due to electrostatic induction, the potential on human body and metal structures will be induced. If there are potential differences between them, the transient electric shock will occur when they are in contact. Consequently, the human body will feel electric shock, triggering displeasure or panic, and even triggering line complaints or an engineering boycott. As the operating voltage increases to UHV level, this phenomenon occurs more obviously due to the higher electric field strength. The human body touches metal objects such as metal clothes rack is the common life event. If the living room is near the UHV AC transmission lines, the transient electric shock maybe occurs frequently. Therefore, it is important to study the inductive electrical characteristics of this scenery.
In this paper, the transient electric shock research near the UHV transmission line is divided into two types, one is that the human body is well grounded, the metal clothes rack is insulated, and the electric shock is occurred from metal clothes rack to human body; The other is the human body is insulated, the metal clothes rack is well grounded, and the electric shock is occurred from human body to metal clothes rack. Based on above scenarios, an UHV AC transmission line model was established according to the practical UHV transmission lines, the induced voltages of insulated objects were calculated, and the transient electric shock currents of different conditions were obtained by combining the proposed transient shock simulation model. Then a practical test platform was constructed near a 1 000 kV AC transmission line, and the transient electric shock experiments were conducted. The induced voltage and the transient electric shock current were measured and compared with the simulation results. It is found that the computational results of the model are close to those of the experiments.
The following conclusions can be drawn from this study: (1) The induced voltage of the human body or the metal clothes rack is related to the position. If the insulated object is higher, the induced voltage level is larger and can result in a serious transient electric shock when contacts. The metal shield can reduce the induced voltage and transient electric shock current effectively. (2) Whether human body is insulated or not has an obvious influence on induced voltage level and transient current level. If the human body is grounded, the body impedance is relatively small, it will cause serious transient electric shock at this situation when the body contact with the insulated metal clothes rack. The amplitude of transient current can reach to 1.58 A. The human perception and annoying level are more obvious than that occurred between the insulated human body and grounded metal clothes rack. (3) Based on simulation and experiments results of this paper, the human perception of transient electric shock is related to the amplitude of induced voltage and current. Therefore, some suggestions are proposed to reduce the electric shock level from above perspective. (4) The proposed simulation model in this paper can calculate the induced voltage and current levels effectively, which provide a reference for induced electrical reduction or elimination.

Key words： Transmission lines inductive electricity steel frame platform transient electric shock

收稿日期: 2023-09-04

PACS:

TM81

通讯作者: 张胤禄男,1998年生,博士研究生,研究方向电网电磁环境保护与电力系统及装备研究。E-mail：zhangyinlu_98@163.com

作者简介: 何旺龄男,1988年生,博士(后),副教授。研究方向为电网电磁环境与电磁兼容。E-mail：hewangling@ncepu.edu.cn

引用本文:

何旺龄, 汤荣, 刘云鹏, 闫博虎, 张胤禄. 特高压交流输电线路附近钢架平台处人体与晾衣架感应电特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 231451-231451. He Wangling, Tang Rong, Liu Yunpeng, Yan Bohu, Zhang Yinlu. The Induced Electrical Characteristics of Human Body and Metal Clothes Rack at the Steel Frame Platform Near the UHV AC Transmission Line. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 231451-231451.

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