CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>2</sub>F及其混合气体电弧等离子体粒子组分与物性参数计算

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231394

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摘要 CF₃SO₂F是一种有望替代SF₆的新型环保绝缘气体,计算CF₃SO₂F及其混合气体在不同温度下的粒子组成和物性参数对进一步研究其绝缘性质和灭弧能力有重要意义。该文首先深入研究CF₃SO₂F及其混合气体电弧等离子体粒子组分,并基于吉布斯自由能最小化方法计算得到等离子体在300~30 000 K温度范围内的平衡组分;其次根据标准统计热力学关系和Chapman-Enskog方法,在不同气体压力和混合比例下,计算得到等离子体各项热力学参数和输运参数随温度的变化规律;然后探讨了不同缓冲气体对CF₃SO₂F混合体系的影响,并比较了CF₃SO₂F与其他常见绝缘气体SF₆和C₄F₇N的相关性质;最后综合分析了CF₃SO₂F气体的热电弧开断能力。结果表明,在较高的气压下,CF₃SO₂F气体的分解和电离反应可以被有效抑制;此外,比定压热容分析表明该气体在混合气体中的比例越高,低温区的分解反应越剧烈,高温区的电离反应越平缓;气体种类也会显著影响等离子体的输运特性,不同体系中电导率大小和热导率峰位置等存在较大差异;根据质量密度和比定压热容的乘积（ρc_p）指标还可以推断CF₃SO₂F具有较常见绝缘气体C₄F₇N更强的热电弧开断能力,尽管引入缓冲气体会降低其开断能力,但引入CO₂对灭弧性能的负面影响更小。

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	柯学
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	郭宇铮
	王俊

关键词 ： CF₃SO₂F, 环保绝缘气体, 等离子体, 粒子组分, 物性参数

Abstract：Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) is commonly used as an insulating gas in electrical equipment, but its high global warming potential (GWP) has led to efforts to seek for alternative gases. Reducing SF₆ usage can significantly decrease greenhouse gas emissions, benefitting climate change mitigation and meeting the demand for eco-friendly electrical equipment in renewable energy. Previous research has identified potential environmentally friendly alternatives like C₄F₇N and C₅F₁₀O, but improvements are needed due to factors such as high liquefaction temperature, GWP values, and toxicity. Trifluoromethyl sulfuryl fluoride (CF₃SO₂F) has recently emerged as a highly promising replacement, exhibiting superior performance compared to SF₆ and a much lower GWP of 3 678 (around 15% of SF₆'s GWP). Thus, CF₃SO₂F shows excellent potential as a substitute for SF₆ in insulation applications. Accurate calculations of CF₃SO₂F's particle composition and physical parameters at various temperatures are crucial for further studying its insulating properties and ability to extinguish arcs.
This study delves into the particle composition of CF₃SO₂F gas and its mixture in arc plasma, wherein equilibrium compositions of the plasma within the temperature range from 300 K to 30 000 K were calculated employing the Gibbs free energy minimization method. By virtue of standard statistical thermodynamic equations and the Chapman-Enskog method, the variations of thermodynamic and transport parameters of the plasma versus temperature were computed for different atmospheric pressures and mixture ratios. Subsequently, the influence of different buffer gases on the CF₃SO₂F mixture system was explored, along with a comparison of relevant properties between CF₃SO₂F and other commonly used insulating gases such as SF₆ and C₄F₇N. Finally, the thermal arc breaking capacity of CF₃SO₂F gas was comprehensively analyzed.
The results of particle composition calculations for CF₃SO₂F-N₂ mixtures show that as the temperature increases, larger molecules gradually decompose into smaller molecules and atoms. Above 8 000 K, the occurrence of primary and secondary ionization reactions can be observed for monatomic species, with the order of ionization peaks determined by their respective ionization energies. Furthermore, higher atmospheric pressure has a significant suppressive effect on particle dissociation and ionization reactions. The CF₃SO₂F-N₂ mixture system exhibits four major specific heat peaks at approximately 2 500 K, 7 000 K, 16 000 K, and 30 000 K, which correspond to different primary reactions occurring under these temperatures. Interestingly, the physical properties show significantly distinct for mixed systems with different buffer gases at low temperatures, primarily due to the differences in the number of N₂ and CO₂ atoms. The decomposition process for N₂ occurs in one step at 7 000 K, while CO₂ undergoes a two-step decomposition at 3 000 K and 8 000 K, respectively. Computations of the transport parameters for different insulating gases reveal that the CF₃SO₂F system, which contains carbon (C) element, exhibits higher conductivity than SF₆ between 3 500 K and temperatures below 10 000K. With regards to the thermal arc breaking capacity, 100% SF₆ possesses the strongest ability over CF₃SO₂F and C₄F₇N systems. Finally, the thermal arc interruption capabilities of CF₃SO₂F gas and other common insulating gases were analyzed under actual operating conditions (-25℃, 6 atm). The results indicate that 100% SF₆ exhibits a stronger thermal arc interruption capability. Additionally, the highest thermal arc interruption capability is observed in the 10%CF₃SO₂F-90%CO₂ mixture system, where the ρc_p peak is slightly higher than that of the 5%C₄F₇N-95%CO₂ mixture system below the conductive temperature, while the opposite is true above the conductive temperature.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation analysis: (1) Higher atmospheric pressure effectively suppresses the decomposition and ionization reactions of CF₃SO₂F gas. (2) An increased proportion of CF₃SO₂F in the gas mixture leads to more intense decomposition reactions in the low-temperature region, and milder ionization reactions in the high-temperature region. (3) Compared to the CO₂ pure gas system, N₂ exhibits minimal decomposition processes below the conductive temperature, resulting in distinct differences in the thermodynamic properties and thermal arc interruption characteristics of the corresponding CF₃SO₂F mixture systems. (4) The ρc_p index suggests that CF₃SO₂F possesses a stronger thermal arc breaking capacity than the commonly used insulating gas C₄F₇N.

Key words： CF₃SO₂F environmentally friendly insulating gas plasma particle composition physical parameters

收稿日期: 2023-08-28

PACS:

TM561

基金资助:国家重点研发计划资助项目（2021YFB2401400）

通讯作者: 王俊男,1990年生,博士,讲师,研究方向为气体放电等离子体计算、化学反应动力学过程。E-mail：junwangwhu@whu.edu.cn

作者简介: 柯学男,1993年生,博士研究生,研究方向为新型环保气体等离子体仿真计算。E-mail：whumas_ke@163.com

引用本文:

柯学, 王安阳, 刘伟, 颜湘莲, 王雯, 郭宇铮, 王俊. CF₃SO₂F及其混合气体电弧等离子体粒子组分与物性参数计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(19): 6145-6161. Ke Xue, Wang Anyang, Liu Wei, Yan Xianglian, Wang Wen, Guo Yuzheng, Wang Jun. Calculation of Particle Composition and Physical Property Parameters of Arc Plasma Particles of CF₃SO₂F and Its Gas Mixtures. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(19): 6145-6161.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231394 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2024/V39/I19/6145

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