不同污秽影响下劣化瓷绝缘子发热规律与红外特征分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240675

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (3880 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

瓷绝缘子复杂多样的劣化形式以及表面污秽均会影响红外检测结果,从而造成误判或漏判,给电力系统的安全稳定运行带来严重威胁。目前针对不同污秽作用下绝缘子串发热特征及其对劣化绝缘子红外检测结果的影响少有研究。为此该文结合现场试验及有限元仿真研究了劣化位置、劣化阻值以及不同污秽对瓷绝缘子串发热规律及其红外成像的影响。研究结果表明：绝缘子串中任意一片绝缘子的温升随着其内阻的减小呈现先升高后降低的趋势。干燥污秽对劣化绝缘子发热的影响可忽略不计,而湿润污秽对发热的影响与劣化绝缘子在串中的位置有关,最大的温度范围变化率可达61.3%。在由表面盐密（A类污秽）和盐雾（B类污秽）构成的污秽中,雾水电导率对染污附盐密度具有附加作用,表面轻度污秽时其对绝缘子温升影响大,重污秽时影响较小。在实际工程应用中,应选择绝缘子背风侧作为红外观测点,且不考虑相对湿度大于90%的情况。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	孙瑞筱
	胡玉耀
	蒋兴良
	咸日常
	陈雨

关键词 ： A/B类污秽, 劣化绝缘子, 发热特征, 红外成像, 温升

Abstract：

During the long operational time, porcelain insulators are subjected to a synergistic effect of the electrical, thermal, mechanical stresses, and environmental factors, which causes insulation degradation and lead to low and zero resistance insulators. Compared to traditional methods, infrared imaging has been widely used in the detection of deteriorated insulators and surface contamination because of its advantages of non-stop operation, non-contact and anti-electromagnetic interference. However, there is limited research on the impact of contamination on the heating characteristics of degraded insulators. Moreover, there is a lack of research on the effects of different types of pollution (types A and B) on the heating characteristics of the insulators and the infrared detection of degraded insulators. In response to the above issues, the effects of contamination level, deterioration resistance and the location of deteriorated unit on infrared detection of the insulators were investigated through field tests and simulation analysis, obtaining the heating patterns of deteriorated insulators under different pollution conditions.
Firstly, the relationship between temperature rise, deterioration and surface contamination was explored through a heating model of porcelain insulator. Secondly, a test platform was built to simulate the operating conditions of 110 kV insulators, and the infrared imaging patterns of insulator strings were analyzed by changing the level of contamination resistance of deteriorated insulator, and the position of degraded insulators in the string. Finally, a thermal-electric coupling model of the insulator was established using finite element method to analyze and calculate the temperature distribution of insulator strings under the combined effects of dielectric loss, conduction current and heat conduction. This model is then used to validate the experimental results.
The results show that the temperature rise of the insulator in the string initially increases and then decreases with the decrease in its resistance. The maximum temperature rise and temperature growth rate of degraded piece with the same resistance value located at the high-voltage end are higher than those of degraded piece located at the medium-voltage end and the ground end, with temperature change rates of 0.093, 0.04 and 0.06, respectively. The overall temperature of steel cap increases with the increase in type A contamination. When the surface wet contamination is relatively light, the temperature variation rate range of each piece in the string is 0.014~0.107, while under severe wet contamination, it ranges from 0.092 to 0.128. The conductivity of fog water (type B contamination) has a significant impact on the temperature rise of the insulator, which increases with the increment of fog water conductivity. Taking the temperature rise under no salt fog condition as the benchmark, the overall average temperature change rates under fog water conductivities of 0.6, 2.2 and 4.1 S/m are 34.5%, 23.6% and 20.9%, respectively.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the test results and simulation analysis: (1) The impact of dry contamination on the heating of deteriorated insulator is negligible. Under conditions of no type B contamination, the effect of type A wet contamination on heating is related to the position of deteriorated piece in the string. Furthermore, as the degree of wet contamination increases, the temperature of each piece tends to be consistent. (2) Fog water conductivity (type B contamination) has an additional effect on salt deposit density, which further affects the temperature rise of the insulator by increasing the number of conductive ions. There is a saturation phenomenon in insulator temperature rise in salt fog environments. (3) The excessive humidity can cause disordered temperature changes on the insulator surface, therefore, humidity greater than 90% is not considered during the detection. The leeward side, with small amount of contamination, is selected as the infrared observation position to more clearly diagnose deteriorated insulator in the string.

Key words： Type A/B filth faulty insulator heating characteristics infrared imaging temperature rise

收稿日期: 2024-04-29

PACS:

TM216

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（51907109）、山东省高等学校“青创团队计划”（2023KJ148）、山东省自然科学基金（ZR2023ME129）和湖南雪峰山能源装备安全国家野外科学观测研究站开放课题（N0RS-XFEES-23-04）资助项目

通讯作者: 胡玉耀男,1989年生,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为极端环境下输电线路外绝缘状态评估。E-mail：hyuyao@sdut.edu.cn

作者简介: 孙瑞筱男,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为极端环境下输电线路外绝缘状态评估。E-mail：sunwangruixiao@163.com

引用本文:

孙瑞筱, 胡玉耀, 蒋兴良, 咸日常, 陈雨. 不同污秽影响下劣化瓷绝缘子发热规律与红外特征分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2492940-2492940. Sun Ruixiao, Hu Yuyao, Jiang Xingliang, Xian Richang, Chen Yu. Analysis of Temperature Rise and Infrared Feature of Faulty Porcelain Insulators under Different Contamination Effects. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2492940-2492940.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240675 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/2492940

[1] 赵云鹏, 胡玉耀, 蒋兴良, 等. 绝缘子不均匀积污成因及其对交流闪络特性的影响[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2023, 37(12): 186-195.
Zhao Yunpeng, Hu Yuyao, Jiang Xingliang, et al.Causes of uneven pollution accumulation on the insulator andits influence on AC flashover characteristics[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation, 2023, 37(12): 186-195.
[2] 秦锋, 王旭桐, 陈伟, 等. 强电磁脉冲下线路绝缘子闪络特性试验研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(13): 3640-3650.
Qin Feng, Wang Xutong, Chen Wei, et al.Experimental study on flashover characteristics of line insulator under strong electromagnetic pulse[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(13): 3640-3650.
[3] 李群, 高嵩, 杨生哲, 等. 国产特高压大吨位悬式瓷绝缘子机电性能提升与工艺优化方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(19): 5304-5315.
Li Qun, Gao Song, Yang Shengzhe, et al.Mechanical and electrical performance improvement and process optimization of domestic UHV large tonnage suspension porcelain insulator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(19): 5304-5315.
[4] Wang Shenghui, Jiang Tingyue, Li Wei, et al.Infrared and UV imaging characteristics of insulator strings containing a zero-value insulator based on experiment and multi-physics simulation[J]. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2021, 16(3): 374-382.
[5] 项文阔. 红外检测技术在变电所设备故障检测中的应用研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2017.
Xiang Wenkuo.Application of infrared detection technology in fault detection of substation equipment[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2017.
[6] 胡雨婷, 王黎明, 尹芳辉. 碳纤维复合芯导线应用于特高压大跨越线路的脱冰工况仿真[J]. 高电压技术, 2023, 49(5): 1967-1974.
Hu Yuting, Wang Liming, Yin Fanghui.Simulation of ice-shedding of UHV long span transmission line with carbon fiber composite conductor[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2023, 49(5): 1967-1974.
[7] 周学明, 尹骏刚, 胡丹晖, 等. 超—特高压长串瓷绝缘子温度分布曲线拼接方法[J]. 电力科学与技术学报, 2022, 37(3): 199-205.
Zhou Xueming, Yin Jungang, Hu Danhui, et al.Temperature distribution curve splicing method for EHV-UHV long string porcelain insulators[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology, 2022, 37(3): 199-205.
[8] 张血琴, 周志鹏, 郭裕钧, 等. 不同材质绝缘子污秽等级高光谱检测方法研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(7): 1946-1955.
Zhang Xueqin, Zhou Zhipeng, Guo Yujun, et al.Detection method of contamination grades of insulators with different materials based on hyperspectral technique[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(7): 1946-1955.
[9] 邱刚, 陈杰, 张廼龙, 等. 基于YOLOv3和HSV颜色空间的绝缘子低/零值故障诊断研究[J]. 高压电器, 2023, 59(1): 148-153.
Qiu Gang, Chen Jie, Zhang Nailong, et al.Research of low/zero defect diagnosis of porcelain insulator based on YOLOv3 and HSV color space image processing technology[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2023, 59(1): 148-153.
[10] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 污秽条件下使用的高压绝缘子的选择和尺寸确定: GB/T 26218—2019[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2019.
[11] 金立军, 张达, 段绍辉, 等. 基于红外与紫外图像信息融合的绝缘子污秽状态识别[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014, 29(8): 309-318.
Jin Lijun, Zhang Da, Duan Shaohui, et al.Recognition of contamination grades of insulators based on IR and UV image information fusion[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2014, 29(8): 309-318.
[12] 曹雯, 李振涛, 申巍, 等. 输电线路中污秽复合绝缘子异常发热研究[J]. 西安工程大学学报, 2023, 37(6): 60-68.
Cao Wen, Li Zhentao, Shen Wei, et al.Study on abnormal heating of polluted composite insulators in transmission lines[J]. Journal of Xi’an Polytechnic University, 2023, 37(6): 60-68.
[13] 王欣. 污秽对绝缘子串电压分布影响的仿真与实验研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2019.
Wang Xin.Simulation and experimental research on the influence ofcontamination on voltage distribution of insulator strings[D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2019.
[14] 万亚玲, 李娜, 李唐兵, 等. 应用盘面特征识别红外检测盲区的零值绝缘子[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2019, 31(3): 89-95.
Wan Yaling, Li Na, Li Tangbing, et al.Identification of zero-value insulators in infrared detection blind zone using disk characteristics[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2019, 31(3): 89-95.
[15] 彭子健, 张也, 付强, 等. 高压瓷绝缘子红外热像检测盲区研究[J]. 电网技术, 2017, 41(11): 3705-3712.
Peng Zijian, Zhang Ye, Fu Qiang, et al.A study of non-detection areas in infrared thermal images of HV insulators[J]. Power System Technology, 2017, 41(11): 3705-3712.
[16] 张也, 彭子健, 付强, 等. 环境湿度对瓷质绝缘子串电压分布及红外热像检测的影响分析[J]. 电网技术, 2018, 42(4): 1342-1349.
Zhang Ye, Peng Zijian, Fu Qiang, et al.Analysis of environment humidity influence on voltage distribution and infrared thermal image detection of porcelain insulator strings[J]. Power System Technology, 2018, 42(4): 1342-1349.
[17] 程洋, 夏令志, 牛雷, 等. 500 kV双联耐张瓷绝缘子串的串间放电现象[J/OL]. 中国电力, 2024: 1-7[2024-04-20]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3265.TM.20240105.1102.002.html.
Cheng Yang, Xia Lingzhi, Niu Lei, et al. Research on discharge phenomenon of a 500 kV double tension porcelain insulator string[J/OL]. Electric Power, 2024: 1-7[2024-04-20]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3265.TM.20240105.1102.002.html.
[18] Tong Jie, Xiao Zhi gen, Gao Qiang, et al. Research on detection of transmission line porcelain insulator based on infrared technology[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2014, 1046: 200-204.
[19] 余欧然. 基于高光谱与红外图像信息融合的绝缘子污秽程度检测方法研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2021.
Yu Ouran.Detection of insulator contamination based on information fusion of hyperspectral and infrared images[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2021.
[20] 郭晨鋆, 涂彦昕, 刘立帅, 等. 复合支柱绝缘子界面热波模型及其界面缺陷无损检测方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(20): 7160-7169.
Guo Chenjun, Tu Yanxin, Liu Lishuai, et al.Interfacial thermal wave model of composite post insulator and its nondestructive detection method on interfacial defects[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(20): 7160-7169.
[21] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 交流系统用高压绝缘子的人工污秽试验: GB/T 4585—2004[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2005.
[22] 蒋兴良, 王茂政, 袁一钧, 等. 不均匀积污绝缘子雷电冲击闪络特性[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(23): 6461-6470, 6552.
Jiang Xingliang, Wang Maozheng, Yuan Yijun, et al.Lightning impulse flashover performance of non-uniform pollution insulators[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(23): 6461-6470, 6552.
[23] 张东东, 罗威, 黄宵宁, 等. 染污绝缘子放电空间电场时频特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(9): 2873-2886.
Zhang Dongdong, Luo Wei, Huang Xiaoning, et al.Time and frequency domain characteristics of spatial electric field during the discharge of polluted insulator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(9): 2873-2886.
[24] 国家技术监督局. 高压架空线路和发电厂、变电所环境污区分级及外绝缘选择标准: GB/T 16434—1996[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 1996.
[25] 刘琴, 李瑶琴, 谢梁, 等. 盐雾环境下清洁和染污绝缘子交流耐压特性[J]. 高电压技术, 2018, 44(9): 2828-2834.
Liu Qin, Li Yaoqin, Xie Liang, et al.AC withstand characteristics of clean and polluted insulators in salt-fog[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(9): 2828-2834.
[26] 裴少通, 马子儒, 刘云鹏, 等. 500 kV输电线路劣化瓷绝缘子非线性发热特性的红外分析[J]. 高压电器, 2024, 60(1): 33-40.
Pei Shaotong, Ma Ziru, Liu Yunpeng, et al.Infrared analysis of nonlinear heating characteristics of deteriorated porcelain insulator of 500 kV transmission lines[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2024, 60(1): 33-40.
[27] 王欣. 污雾环境下双伞瓷绝缘子积污特性模拟研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2020.
Wang Xin.Simulation study on sewage characteristics of porcelain double umbrella insulators in sewage environment[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2020.
[28] 张东东, 张志劲, 蒋兴良, 等. XP-160绝缘子直流快速积污过程仿真及分析[J]. 电网技术, 2020, 44(2): 791-798.
Zhang Dongdong, Zhang Zhijin, Jiang Xingliang, et al.Simulation study on fast DC contamination process of XP-160 insulator and its analysis[J]. Power System Technology, 2020, 44(2): 791-798.
[29] 刘云鹏, 张凯元, 付炜平, 等. 不同湿度下低值瓷质绝缘子的发热特性[J]. 高电压技术, 2018, 44(6): 1741-1749.
Liu Yunpeng, Zhang Kaiyuan, Fu Weiping, et al.Heating characteristics of deteriorated porcelain insulator under different humidities[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(6): 1741-1749.