分布式调相机暂态特性分析与暂态功角稳定性机理研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.232014

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摘要

当前新能源占比不断攀升,分布式调相机可有效抑制新能源机端暂态过电压,提升新能源送出能力,然而调相机在电网故障过程中也存在暂态功角失稳风险。针对分布式调相机暂态特性与功角稳定机理,首先,建立保留新能源并网点电压特征的调相机功角时间尺度暂态分析模型,基于电气量相量关系分析了故障清除后调相机功角与新能源并网点电压的交互影响机理;其次,分析了故障暂态与故障稳态过程中新能源并网点电压相角二次跳变过程及原因,阐明了相角跳变、过渡电阻与新能源低电压穿越控制策略对调相机功角摇摆方向的影响机理;最后,基于暂态能量函数分析了新能源输出功率、调相机容量与送出距离对调相机暂态功角稳定性的影响,并在改进IEEE39节点系统中验证了所提出机理与分析的正确性。

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	王彤
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关键词 ：分布式调相机, 功角稳定, 暂态特性, 新能源场站

Abstract：

Currently, the installed capacity and power generation of renewable energy source is climbing rapidly, but the transient overvoltage problem after renewable energy source access to the power system has become a serious challenge. Distributed condenser can effectively inhibit the transient overvoltage of renewable energy and enhance the renewable energy sending capacity. However, due to proximity to renewable energy sources, the distributed condenser also exists transient instability risk during fault, which restricts the consumption of renewable energy. Existing studies have mostly used node elimination or circuit equivalent change for network simplification, failing to consider the dynamic characteristics of point of common coupling (PCC), and there are few reports on the interaction between grid point voltage and transient stability of distributed condenser.
Aiming at transient characteristic analysis and transient stability mechanism of distributed condenser, firstly, the transient analysis model of distributed condenser with retaining the characteristics of the voltage of PCC in power angle time-scale is established. Based on the phase relationship of electrical quantities, the power-angle characteristics curve is obtained. The interaction between the power angle of the distributed condenser and the PCC voltage after fault is analyzed. Based on the derivation and analysis of the mathematical model, the expression and changing characteristics of the PCC voltage is obtained, which explains the mechanism of continuous low voltage at PCC. As a result, renewable energy source continuously under low voltage ride-through (LVRT) control. The applicability of the proposed method is further confirmed in three-machine system.
Secondly, the process and reason of phase quadratic jumping of renewable energy PCC voltage during fault transient and steady state is analyzed. The mechanism of phase jumping, transition resistance and renewable energy LVRT control strategy on the power angle swing direction of distributed condenser is revealed. For the first phase jumping, when the transition impedance is inductive, the phase of PCC voltage jumps forward, and when the transition impedance is resistive, the phase of PCC voltage jumps backward. For the second phase jumping, The injected power of distributed condenser is calculated based on the superposition theorem, which is effected by the LVRT control strategy of renewable energy.
Finally, the influence of renewable energy output power, capacity of distributed condenser and delivery distance on the transient stability of distributed condenser is analyzed based on the transient energy function. The phase trajectory diagram is used to analyze the above influencing factors. The correctness of the proposed mechanism is verified in the improved IEEE39 node system, including continuous low voltage at PCC, phase quadratic jumping, swing direction of distributed condenser, and transient stability influencing factors.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis. Before the fault, the renewable energy power injection causes the power angle characteristic curve shift downward, which increases the risk of destabilization of distributed condenser. During the fault, the renewable energy control strategy and transition impedance cause the phase quadratic jumping of PCC voltage, which has a direct impact on the power angle swing direction of distributed condenser. After the fault, due to the power angle of distributed condenser swing away, the renewable energy remains in LVRT state, which is conducive to transient stability of distributed condenser. In addition, the output power of renewable energy, delivery distance, and the capacity of distributed condenser all affect the transient stabilization margin of the distributed condenser. Upgrading the capacity of distributed condenser can effectively reduce the risk of the transient instability, and improve the delivery capability of renewable energy.

Key words： Distributed condenser transient stability transient characteristics renewable energy station

收稿日期: 2023-12-04

PACS:

TM721

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金项目（52277096）和国家自然科学基金集成项目（U22B6006）资助

通讯作者: 王彤女,1985年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定分析与控制。E-mail：hdwangtong@126.com

作者简介: 王潇桐男,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定分析与控制。E-mail：wxt8910@163.com

引用本文:

王彤, 王潇桐, 韩梓畅, 王增平, 赵伟. 分布式调相机暂态特性分析与暂态功角稳定性机理研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2024031406-2024031406. Wang Tong, Wang Xiaotong, Han Zichang, Wang Zengping, Zhao Wei. Research on Transient Characteristic Analysis and Transient Stability Mechanism of Distributed Condenser. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2024031406-2024031406.

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