瞬态条件下电磁轨道发射装置绝缘体热损伤分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.191715

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (2508 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

电磁轨道发射装置绝缘体在瞬态发射条件下易出现热损伤而影响支撑强度和绝缘性能。为分析电枢膛内运动以及炮口电弧回流两个阶段绝缘体的热损伤情况,建立了三维瞬态电-磁-热耦合模型以及考虑G10绝缘体细观结构的流-固-热耦合模型。结果显示：电枢膛内运动阶段,绝缘体最高温度始终出现在电枢起始位置附近,接近最高允许工作温度;炮口电弧回流阶段,回流电弧对绝缘体纱线的影响很小,仅口部1.3mm范围内的纱线形成“倒角”状热损伤,但对绝缘体内表面电弧流经区域的树脂造成了大范围热分解,树脂的热分解损伤占主导地位,并得到了试验验证。导轨冷却系统设计可以避免绝缘体支撑强度下降,采用炮口消弧装置以及提高树脂的抗热侵蚀能力有助于避免绝缘失效。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	胡鑫凯
	鲁军勇
	李白
	谭赛
	张嘉炜

关键词 ：电磁轨道发射装置, G10绝缘体, 多物理场耦合, 热损伤

Abstract：

The insulator of electromagnetic rail launcher is prone to thermal damage under transient launch conditions, which affects the support strength and insulation performance. At present, the research on thermal damage of the insulator is mainly focused on two-dimensional transient simulation and the description and analysis of experimental phenomena, without considering the thermal effect of time-space variation of rail heat caused by armature motion on the insulator, and there is a lack of research on the thermal erosion mechanism of the insulator in fluid-solid-thermal coupling environment. Therefore, this paper uses a three-dimensional transient electro-magnetic-thermal coupling model to analyze the influence of rail heat varying with time and armature position on the insulator. A fluid-solid-thermal coupling model considering the meso-structure of G10 insulator is established to explain the thermal erosion mechanism of muzzle arc blowback on the insulator, which is verified by experiments.
Firstly, the governing equation of transient electromagnetic field, thermal diffusion equation and armature motion equation in the armature in-bore launching stage are established, in which the armature motion is realized by changing the material properties of the armature motion area. The geometric model of the launcher is constructed and the boundary conditions of magnetic field, electric field and temperature field are applied. Secondly, the turbulence equation of muzzle arc blowback stage is established, and the meso-model of G10 insulator reinforcement (yarn) and matrix (resin) is constructed, and the fluid boundary conditions and solid and fluid heat transfer boundary conditions are applied. Finally, the experimental phenomenon of the prototype is compared with the law of thermal erosion obtained by simulation.
The simulation results show that under the condition of single launch, the maximum temperature of the insulator inner surface in contact with the rail is 401K in the armature in-bore launching stage, which is close to the maximum allowable working temperature. In the muzzle arc blowback stage, only the insulator yarn within the range of muzzle 1.3mm reaches the thermal decomposition point, and the thermal erosion depth decreases gradually from 0.125mm at muzzle 0mm to 0mm at muzzle 1.3mm. The insulator resin within the range of muzzle 10mm reaches the thermal decomposition point. The thermal erosion depth decreases slightly along the breech, the deepest at muzzle 0mm is 0.125mm, and the average erosion depth is about 0.07mm.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation analysis: (1) In the armature in-bore launching stage, the high temperature area of the insulator extends to the muzzle with the armature movement, but the temperature from the breech to the muzzle decreases gradually, and the highest temperature always appears near the starting position of the armature, which is close to the maximum allowable working temperature of the insulator. (2) In the muzzle arc blowback stage, the blowback arc has little effect on the insulator yarn and only causes "chamfer" thermal damage to the yarn within the range of muzzle 1.3mm. However, it causes a large-scale thermal decomposition to the resin in the area where the arc flows on the inner surface of the insulator, and the thermal decomposition damage of the resin is dominant. The experimental phenomenon is consistent with the law of thermal erosion obtained by simulation. (3) Continuous launching will lead to the accumulation of insulator temperature, and the design of rail cooling system can avoid the decrease of the support strength of the insulator. Arc blowback will bring carbonization and metal pollution on the inner surface of the insulator. The use of muzzle arc suppression device and the improvement of the thermal erosion resistance of the resin are helpful to avoid insulation failure.

Key words： Electromagnetic rail launcher G10 insulator multi-physical field coupling thermal damage

收稿日期: 2022-07-27

PACS:

TM359.4

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（51925704,92166204,92166108,52107064,52207071）和国防科技重点实验室基金（6142217210504）资助项目

通讯作者: 鲁军勇男,1978年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电磁发射混合储能技术、直线电机设计、一体化弹丸技术等。E-mail: jylu2019@163.com

作者简介: 胡鑫凯男,1995年生,博士研究生,研究方向为电磁发射技术。E-mail: 3322013011@nue.edu.cn

引用本文:

胡鑫凯, 鲁军勇, 李白, 谭赛, 张嘉炜. 瞬态条件下电磁轨道发射装置绝缘体热损伤分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230618-230618. Hu Xinkai, Lu Junyong, Li Bai, Tan Sai, Zhang Jiawei. Thermal Damage Analysis of Insulator in Electromagnetic Rail Launcher under Transient Conditions. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230618-230618.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.191715 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/230618

[1] 鲁军勇, 马伟明. 电磁轨道发射理论与技术[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2020.
[2] 李白, 鲁军勇, 谭赛, 等. 高速滑动电接触电枢表面动态磨损过程研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(01): 131-139.
Li Bai, Lu Junyong, Tan Sai, et al.Research on dynamic wear process of armature surface in high-speed sliding electric contact[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(01): 131-139.
[3] 张嘉炜, 鲁军勇, 谭赛, 等. 考虑初始接触压力的滑动电接触界面磁扩散模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(02): 488-495.
Zhang Jiawei, Lu Junyong, Tan Sai, et al.A magnetic diffusion model of electromagnetic launcher considering initial contact pressure[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(02): 488-495.
[4] 李湘平, 鲁军勇, 张晓, 等. 基于NSGA-II的过载磁场发生器优化设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(21): 4399-4407.
Li Xiangping, Lu Junyong, Zhang Xiao, et al.Optimization of generator of high overload and strong magnetic field based on NSGA-II[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(21): 4399-4407.
[5] 李湘平, 鲁军勇, 张晓, 等. 电磁发射弹丸膛口磁场分布特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(03): 525-531.
Li Xiangping, Lu Junyong, Zhang Xiao, et al.Analysis of distribution characteristics of electromagnetic launcher projectile muzzle magnetic field[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(03): 525-531.
[6] 张晓, 鲁军勇, 李湘平, 等. 电磁感应线圈发射子弹系统优化设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(22): 4658-4665.
Zhang Xiao, Lu Junyong, Li Xiangping, et al.System optimization of electromagnetic induction coil launch bullet[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(22): 4658-4665.
[7] 冯军红, 鲁军勇, 李开, 等. 电磁发射弹丸膛内流场数值分析[J]. 海军工程大学学报, 2021, 33(03): 43-48.
Feng Junhong, Lu Junyong, Li Kai, et al.Numerical analysis of in-bore flow field of electromagnetic launcher projectile[J]. Journal of Naval University of Engineering, 2021, 33(03): 43-48.
[8] 李丹, 徐蓉, 袁伟群, 等. 电磁发射装置绝缘支撑结构多场特性研究[J]. 电工电能新技术, 2016, 35(8): 36-39.
Li Dan, Xu Rong, Yuan Weiqun, et al.Study on multi-physics characteristics of insulators in electromagnetic launcher system[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2016, 35(8): 36-39.
[9] Li D, Xu R, Yan P, et al.Thermal analysis of insulators in electromagnetic launcher system[C]// 11th International Conference on the Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials (ICPADM), Sydney, Australia, IEEE, 2015: 780-783.
[10] Jiang Y, Lu J, Wu H, et al.Analysis of GFRP insulator characteristics under multiphysical fields in electromagnetic rail launchers[J]. Composite Structures, 2019, 221: 110900.
[11] Cai X, Tan S, Lu J, et al.Simulation and analysis of muzzle arc of electromagnetic rail launch[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2021, 49(9): 3016-3021.
[12] Weimer J J, Singer I L.Temperatures from spectroscopic studies of hot gas and flame fronts in a railgun[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2011, 39(1): 174-179.
[13] Gao Y, Ni Y, Wang Z, et al.Modeling and simulation of muzzle flow field of railgun with metal vapor and arc[J]. Defence Technology, 2020, 16(4): 802-810.
[14] Gao Y, Xiao H, Ni Y, et al.Simulation and analysis of the railgun muzzle flow field considering the arc plasma[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2018, 47(5): 2242-2249.
[15] Gao Y, Ni Y J, Li B M.Numerical analysis of railgun muzzle flow field with multi-component plasma[C]// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing, 2020, 1507(7): 072003.
[16] 高源, 王昭昕, 肖宏成, 等. 回流效应下电磁轨道炮膛口电弧运动的数值分析[J]. 力学与实践, 2020, 42(03): 331-336.
Gao Yuan, Wang Zhaoxin, Xiao Hongcheng, et al.Numerical analysis of arc motion in railgun muzzle under the effect of backflow[J]. Mechanics in Engineering, 2020, 42(03): 331-336.
[17] Cote P J, Johnson M A, Truszkowska K, et al.Analysis of HEMCL railgun insulator damage[R]. Watervliet, NY, USA: ARAEW-TR-06012, 2006.
[18] Gee R M, Persad C.Multishot performance of an insulator in a laboratory electromagnetic launcher[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2001, 37(1): 257-262.
[19] Xu R, Li D, Zhao W, et al.Research on insulation problems under multishot experiments in electromagnetic rail launcher[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2017, 45(7): 1353-1360.
[20] 赵伟康, 徐蓉, 袁伟群, 等. 电磁轨道发射装置内膛绝缘性能研究[J]. 科技导报, 2017, 35(15): 34-39.
Zhao Weikang, Xu Rong, Yuan Weiqun, et al.Investigation on insulation support performance in electromagnetic launcher[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2017, 35(15): 34-39.
[21] Zhao W, Che Y, Kong Y, et al.Muzzle blowback and its effects on degradation of bore insulator[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2020, 48(6): 2254-2260.
[22] Zhao W, Tian W, Yuan W, et al.Armature ejecta and its effects on insulator degradation in solid-armature launchers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2022, 50(2): 489-495.
[23] 李丹. 大电流直线驱动装置中的绝缘问题研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院大学电工研究所, 2016.
[24] 夏天威,徐蓉,袁伟群,等.电磁轨道发射装置绝缘支撑性能研究[J].电工电能新技术,2018,37(3):49-54.
Xia Tianwei, Xu Rong, Yuan Weiqun, et al.Study on deterioration of insulation support performance in repeated emission[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2018, 37(3): 49-54.
[25] Zhang Y, Lu J, Tan S, et al.Dynamic response of interior ballistic process and rail stress in electromagnetic rail launcher[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2018, 47(5): 2172-2178.
[26] Zhang Y, Lu J, Tan S, et al.Heat generation and thermal management of a rapid-fire electromagnetic rail launcher[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2019, 47(5): 2143-2150.
[27] Hsieh K T, Satapathy S, Hsieh M T.Effects of pressure-dependent contact resistivity on contact interfacial conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2009, 45(1): 313-318.
[28] Lin L, Yuan W, Zhao Y, et al.Thermal analysis on electromagnetic launcher under transient conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2017, 45(7): 1476-1481.
[29] 郑杜成, 徐蓉, 成文凭, 等. 高速滑动电接触导轨温度场与热应力的仿真分析[J]. 电工电能新技术, 2019, 38(11): 33-38.
Zheng Ducheng, Xu Rong, Cheng Wenping, et al.Simulation analysis of temperature field and thermal stress of rail in high speed sliding electrical contact system[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2019, 38(11): 33-38.
[30] 党园, 姜东飞, 谷倩倩, 等. 基于COMSOL热流固耦合的金属氧化物避雷器密封结构优化[J]. 高电压技术, 2020, 46(03): 852-859.
Dang Yuan, Jiang Dongfei, Gu Qianqian, et al.Optimization of sealing structure of metal oxide arrester based on COMSOL thermal-fluid-solid coupling[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2020, 46(03): 852-859.
[31] Singhal A K, Athavale M M, Li H, et al.Mathematical basis and validation of the full cavitation model[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 2002, 124(3): 617-624.
[32] Murphy A B.Transport coefficients of air, argon-air, nitrogen-air, and oxygen-air plasmas[J]. Plasma chemistry and plasma processing, 1995, 15(2): 279-307.
[33] Murphy A B.The effects of metal vapour in arc welding[J]. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2010, 43(43): 434001.
[34] Murphy A B.Transport coefficients of plasmas in mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen[J]. Chemical Physics, 2012, 398: 64-72.
[35] 林灵淑, 赵莹, 袁伟群, 等. 电磁轨道发射的瞬态温度效应[J]. 高电压技术, 2016, 42(09): 2864-2869.
Lin Lingshu, Zhao Ying, Yuan Weiqun, et al.Thermal effect analysis of railgun tests under transient conditions[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(09): 2864-2869.
[36] Zeng D, Lu J, Cheng L, et al.A novel measurement method of solid Armature's in-bore motion state using B-dot probes for rail gun[J]. IEEE transactions on plasma science, 2019, 47(5): 2472-2478.
[37] Li X, Lu J, Feng J, et al.Modeling for the calculation of interior ballistic velocity of electromagnetic rail launch projectile[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2018, 47(1): 807-813.