电工技术学报
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恒定气隙接触器无位置传感器控制与动态特性分析
王公润, 董恩源, 王永兴, 尹升, 吉盈东
大连理工大学电气工程学院 大连 116024
Sensorless Control and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Constant Air Gap Contactors
Gongrun Wang, Enyuan Dong, Yongxing Wang, Sheng Yin, Yingdong Ji
School of Electrical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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摘要 为减少接触器的触头弹跳,针对恒定气隙接触器提出一种位置预测方法,使用等效磁路法与参数辨识从永磁体磁链中提取位置信息,随后依据位置信息实施控制。建立磁力机构等效磁路模型,推导出动态磁链、位移与电流的映射关系,实验验证了映射关系的合理性。通过实验获得位移、电压与电流,根据实验数据计算磁链,采用多元回归的方法获取位移的映射的参数,完成了接触器位置预测。通过有限元模型的参数扫描功能,建立驱动力、磁链的两个曲面,通过插值的方法完成接触器的建模,从而进行位置预测以及无位置控制的仿真。使用磁力机构驱动的接触器进行实验,实验结果表明,新型无位置传感器控制方法适用于恒定气隙接触器,验证了位置预测的准确性与控制方法的有效性。
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王公润
董恩源
王永兴
尹升
吉盈东
关键词 ： 恒定气隙接触器,  控制,  触头弹跳,  EMFA,  动态特性    
Abstract：Contactor is an electrical appliance used to connect and disconnect circuits. And contactors are widely used in power switching, motor control, rail transit, new energy power generation and other scenarios. During the closing process, the contact bounce collision will produce arcs, and the high-frequency long time bounce process will significantly shorten the electrical life of the contactor. It is feasible to use sensorless control to suppress contact bounce. The sensorless control technology of constant air gap contactor is studied. Position sensorless control includes position prediction and dynamic control. The equivalent magnetic circuit method and parameter identification are used to realize position prediction. On the basis of position prediction, the simulation and experimental research of dynamic control are carried out.
In order to reduce the contact bounce of the contactor, a position sensorless control method is proposed for the constant air gap contactors. The position information is extracted from the permanent magnet flux linkage through the equivalent magnetic circuit method and parameter identification, then control the actuator according to the location information. The equivalent magnetic circuit model of the electromagnetic force driving actuator (EMFA) is established, and the mapping relationship between dynamic flux linkage, displacement and current is deduced. The rationality of the mapping relationship is verified by “fixed method” and “prediction method”. The displacement, voltage and current are obtained through experiments, the flux linkage is calculated according to the experimental data, and the parameters of the displacement mapping are obtained by the method of multiple regression, and the position prediction of the contactor is completed. The predicted displacement is compared with the measured displacement, and the accuracy of position prediction is verified.
Through the parameter scanning function of the finite element model, two surfaces of driving force and flux linkage are established, and the modeling of the contactor is completed by means of interpolation, position prediction and simulation without position control are carried out. Based on the simulation model, the calculated displacement is compared with the predicted displacement, and the accuracy of displacement prediction is verified. Based on the subsection PWM control strategy, the influence of duty cycle combination on the dynamic characteristics of the contactor is analyzed. The simulation results show that the terminal speed of the contactor is reduced with the gradual reduction of the duty cycle combination.
The experimental platform is built. The experimental platform includes power module, chopper module, DSP module, contactor, sensor and voltage divider module. In the experiment, the coil current, contact bounce and contactor displacement under different duty cycle combinations are collected. The influence of duty cycle combination on closing time and bouncing time is analyzed. With the decrease of duty cycle combination, the bouncing time decreases gradually, while the closing time increases gradually. The experimental results show that the new position sensorless control method is suitable for constant air gap contactors. The accuracy of the position prediction and the effectiveness of the control method are verified.
On the basis of simulation and experiment, the following conclusions are drawn: 1) The equivalent magnetic circuit method and parameter identification can be used to predict the position of the constant air gap contactor. 2）The EMFA simulation model is established by the difference method, and the dynamic control can effectively reduce the terminal speed. 3) The experiment proves that the control method is suitable for the constant air gap contactor, and the bounce time can be reduced by 90% under the condition of subsection control.
Key words： Constant air gap contactor    control    contact bounce    electromagnetic force driving actuator （EMFA）    dynamic characteristics   
    
PACS: TM572  
基金资助:建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室（河北工业大学）开放课题基金（EERI_KF2020009）
通讯作者: 王永兴 男,1973年生,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为智能电器、高压电器的可靠性理论研究。E-mail：dey@dlut.edu.cn;yxwang@dlut.edu.cn   
作者简介: 王公润 男,1996年生,博士研究生,研究方向为快速机械开关、电磁设备建模。E-mail：875199959@qq.com;董恩源 男,1973年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为智能化高压电器。
引用本文:   
王公润, 董恩源, 王永兴, 尹升, 吉盈东. 恒定气隙接触器无位置传感器控制与动态特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 58-58. Gongrun Wang, Enyuan Dong, Yongxing Wang, Sheng Yin, Yingdong Ji. Sensorless Control and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Constant Air Gap Contactors. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 58-58.
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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221438          https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/58