Abstract:Virtual synchronous generator control can realize the active power sharing between parallel inverters in steady state. However, the difference of inertia, damping or line impedance may cause active power overshoot and oscillation. In this paper, the active power transient process during load transition is divided into two stages. The characteristics of the two stages are analyzed by the equivalent circuit model and the small signal model model respectively. On this basis, the transient active power sharing optimization method based on virtual impedance and transient damping is proposed. Finally, the Matlab/Simulink simulation and experimental results validate the availability of the proposed method.
周晖, 王跃, 李明烜, 李鹏坤, 雷万钧. 孤岛并联虚拟同步发电机暂态功率分配机理分析与优化控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(zk2): 654-663.
Zhou Hui, Wang Yue, Li Mingxuan, Li Pengkun, Lei Wanjun. Analysis and Optimal Control of Transient Active Power Sharing between Islanded Parallel Virtual Synchronous Generators. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(zk2): 654-663.
[1] 曾正, 赵荣祥, 唐盛清, 等. 可再生能源分散接入用先进并网逆变器研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(24): 1-12. Zeng Zheng, Zhao Rongxiang, Tang Shengqing, et al.An overview on advanced grid-connected inverters used for decentralized renewable energy resources[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(24): 1-12. [2] Yang Xia, Song Yonghua, Wang Guanghui, et al.A comprehensive review on the development of sustainable energy strategy and implementation in China[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2010, 1(2): 57-65. [3] 张波, 颜湘武, 黄毅斌, 等. 虚拟同步机多机并联稳定控制及其惯量匹配方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(10): 42-52. Zhang Bo, Yan Xiangwu, Huang Yibin, et al.Stability control and inertia matching method of multi-parallel virtual synchronous generators[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(10): 42-52. [4] Driesen J, Visscher K.Virtual synchronous gener- ators[C]//IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting-Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the Century, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 2008: 1-3. [5] 吕志鹏, 盛万兴, 钟庆昌, 等. 虚拟同步发电机及其在微电网中的应用[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(16): 2591-2603. Lü Zhipeng, Sheng Wanxing, Zhong Qingchang, et al.Virtual synchronous generator and its applications in micro-grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(16): 2591-2603. [6] Zhong Q C, Weiss G.Synchronverters: inverters that mimic synchronous generators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011, 58(4): 1259-1267. [7] 丁明, 杨向真, 苏建徽. 基于虚拟同步发电机思想的微电网逆变电源控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2009, 33(8): 89-93. Ding Ming, Yang Xiangzhen, Su Jianhui.Control strategies of inverters based on virtual synchronous generator in a microgrid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2009, 33(8): 89-93. [8] 鲍薇, 胡学浩, 李光辉, 等. 独立型微电网中基于虚拟阻抗的改进下垂控制[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2013, 41(16): 7-13. Bao Wei, Hu Xuehao, Li Guanghui, et al.An improved droop control strategy based on virtual impedance in islanded micro-grid[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2013,41(16): 7-13. [9] 孟建辉, 石新春, 王毅, 等. 改善微电网频率稳定性的分布式逆变电源控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(4): 70-79. Meng Jianhui, Shi Xinchun, Wang Yi, et al.Control strategy of DER inverter for improving frequency stability of microgrid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(4): 70-79. [10] Alipoor J, Miura Y, Ise T.Power system stabilization using virtual synchronous generator with alternating moment of inertia[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging & Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2015, 3(2): 451-458. [11] Liu J, Miura Y, Ise T.Comparison of dynamic characteristics between virtual synchronous generator and droop control in inverter-based distributed generators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec- tronics, 2015, 31(5): 3600-3611. [12] 石荣亮, 张兴, 徐海珍, 等. 基于自适应模式切换的虚拟同步发电机功率控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(12): 127-137. Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Xu Haizhen, et al.The active and reactive power control of virtual synchronous generator based on adaptive mode switching[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(12): 127-137. [13] 石荣亮, 张兴, 徐海珍, 等. 光储柴独立微电网中的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(23): 127-139. Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Xu Haizhen, et al.A control strategy for islanded photovoltaic-battery- diesel microgrid based on virtual synchronous generator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(23): 127-139. [14] Liu Jia, Miura Y, Bevrani H, et al.Enhanced virtual synchronous generator control for parallel inverters in microgrids[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2016, 8(5): 2268-2277. [15] Wang Zhenxiong, Zhuo Fang, Wu Jiaqi, et al.Inertia time constant design in microgrids with multiple paralleled virtual synchronous generators[C]//IEEE European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Warsaw, Poland, 2017, DOI: 10.23919/ EPE17ECCEEurope.2017.8099273. [16] 杜威, 姜齐荣, 陈蛟瑞. 微电网电源的虚拟惯性频率控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2011, 35(23): 26-31, 36. Du Wei, Jiang Qirong, Chen Jiaorui.Frequency control strategy of distributed generations based on virtual inertia in a microgrid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011, 35(23): 26-31, 36. [17] Zhong Qingchang, Nguyen Phi-Long, Ma Zhenyu, et al.Selfsynchronized synchronverters: inverters without a dedicated synchronization unit[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2014, 29(2): 617-630. [18] 王思耕, 葛宝明, 毕大强. 基于虚拟同步发电机的风电场并网控制研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2011, 39(21): 49-54. Wang Sigeng, Ge Baoming, Bi Daqiang.Control strategies of grid-connected wind farm based on virtual synchronous generator[J]. Power System Pro- tection and Control, 2011, 39(21): 49-54. [19] 徐海珍, 张兴, 刘芳, 等. 基于超前滞后环节虚拟惯性的VSG 控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(7): 1918-1926. Xu Haizhen, Zhang Xing, Liu Fang, et al.Virtual synchronous generator control strategy based on lead-lag link virtual inertia[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(7): 1918-1926. [20] 石荣亮, 张兴, 刘芳, 等. 虚拟同步发电机及其在多能互补微电网中的运行控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(20): 170-180. Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Liu Fang, et al.Control technologies of multi-energy complementary micro- grid operation based on virtual synchronous generator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(20): 170-180. [21] 李明烜, 王跃, 徐宁一, 等. 基于带通阻尼功率反馈的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(10): 2176-2185. Li Mingxuan, Wang Yue, Xu Ningyi, et al.Virtual synchronous generator control strategy based on bandpass damping power feedback[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(10): 2176-2185. [22] Mohamed A R I, Radwan A A. Hierarchical control system for robust microgrid operation and seamless mode transfer in active distribution systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2011, 2(2): 352-362. [23] Machowski J, Bialek J W, Bumby J R.Power system dynamics: stability and control[M]. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2008. [24] Li Yunwei, Kao Chingnan.An accurate power control strategy for power-electronics-interfaced distributed generation units operating in a low- voltage multibus microgrid[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2009, 24(12): 2977-2988. [25] He Jinwei, Li Yunwei.Analysis, design, and implementation of virtual impedance for power electronics interfaced distributed generation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2011, 47(6): 2525-2538. [26] Guerrero J M, Matas J, Vicuna L G D, et al. Decentralized control for parallel operation of distributed generation inverters using resistive output impedance[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2007, 54(2): 994-1004.