摘要 开路电压（OCV）与内阻（R）是采用等效电路模型表述锂离子电池外特性时的重要参数,被用于分析电池功率特性、一致性、老化等问题。两者是电池荷电状态（SOC）、电流I和电池温度Tbat的非线性函数,难以详细、快速、准确、同时地估计。提出一种基于电池实验和数据处理的OCV与R估计方法。设计了一组多环境温度下的恒电流实验以得到详细的数据,并使用大电流以减少实验时间;基于电池机理设计了一套实验数据处理方法,解决了电池工作中SOC与Tbat同时变化且耦合的问题并考虑了电池的非线性特性,从而准确、同时地估计出OCV{SOC, Tbat}和R{SOC, I, Tbat}曲线。与现有方法相比,该方法实验时间短、估计精度高、估计结果信息丰富,从而更适用于容量增量分析等电池老化研究。实验验证了该方法的有效性。
Abstract：Open circuit voltage (OCV) and internal resistance (R) are key parameters in equivalent circuit model of lithium-ion batteries and are used to analyze the power capability, uniformity and aging status of the batteries. OCV and R are nonlinear functions of state of charge (SOC), current (I) and battery temperature (Tbat) and it is hard to give detailed, fast and accurate OCV and R estimation results at the same time. This paper proposes an OCV and R estimation method based on tests and corresponding data dealing process. The method designs constant current tests under different ambient temperatures to give detailed data and uses big test current to shorten test time. Based on battery electrochemical mechanism, the method designs a set of data dealing process to solve the SOC and Tbat changing and coupling problem during test and to consider the nonlinear characteristics of the batteries, consequently providing both OCV{SOC, Tbat} and R{SOC, I, Tbat} curves accurately. Compared with existing methods, the method gives more accurate and detailed results with less test time, thus more suitable for degradation evaluation application such as incremental capacity analysis. Test results have verified the advantages.
陈英杰, 杨耕, 祖海鹏, 孙孝峰. 基于恒流实验的锂离子电池开路电压与内阻估计方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(17): 3976-3988.
Chen Yingjie, Yang Geng, Zu Haipeng, Sun Xiaofeng. An Open Circuit Voltage and Internal Resistance Estimation Method of Lithium-Ion Batteries with Constant Current Tests. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(17): 3976-3988.
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