Abstract：The development of inter-provincial electricity markets enables optimal inter-provincial allocation of electricity resources and promotes complementary resource utilization across provinces. Currently, China's inter-provincial electricity markets mainly focus on energy trading. However, with the rapid growth of cross-regional renewable energy accommodation demands, inter-provincial reserve trading has attracted increasing attention. The critical challenge lies in addressing transmission line capacity reservation under uncertain dispatch scenarios. This paper proposes an energy-reserve co-optimization clearing method incorporating tie-line capacity reservation for inter-provincial markets. By constructing reserve transaction pairs, the paper explicitly quantifies the correlation between reserve transactions and transmission capacity, establish linearized constraint models, achieving coordinated optimization of inter-provincial energy and reserves while ensuring deliverability of cleared reserves. First, the paper mathematically characterizes intra-regional and inter-provincial reserve trading, highlighting their differences. Then, we analyze limitations of existing transmission capacity reservation methods M1 and M2 in handling inter-provincial reserve transactions. To address the deficiency in explicitly characterizing the relationship between reserve transaction and transmission capacity, the paper proposes a reserve transaction pair-based framework that maps responsibility relationships between reserve supply and demand nodes. By constructing transfer distribution factor matrices for reserve dispatch, the paper quantifies the incremental impact of reserve transactions on transmission power flows. Two dispatch modes - “M3, arbitrary dispatch” and “M4, rational dispatch” - are designed, corresponding respectively to strict security boundaries and economically optimal boundaries for capacity reservation. The linearized transmission constraints are then embedded into unit commitment and economic dispatch co-optimization model. Simulation results demonstrate that: Among methods M1~M4, M1 is unable to recognize the spatial value of reserve resources, relying solely on marginal costs, making it difficult to ensure the deliverability of reserve. While M2 establishes a preliminary linkage between reserve transactions and transmission capacity, it fails to explicitly characterize this relationship, leaving network security vulnerable during intermediate reserve dispatch states. The proposed M3 and M4 methods quantify the correlation between reserve transaction and transmission capacity, fully reflecting spatial value differences of reserves, enabling reasonable capacity allocation and ensuring cleared reserve deliverability. Specifically, M3 adopts “arbitrary dispatch” mode corresponding to security boundaries, while M4 employs “rational dispatch” mode for economic boundaries. The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation analysis: (1) Compared with existing methods, the proposed approaches better evaluate spatial value of reserve resources and ensures deliverability in inter-provincial markets. (2) Establishing the correlation between reserve transaction and transmission capacity enables rational transmission capacity allocation. (3) The proposed method preserves linearized constraints, ensure model's computational efficiency.
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