电工技术学报  2023, Vol. 38 Issue (23): 6407-6418    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221386
电力系统与综合能源 |
电动汽车参与电量市场与备用市场的联合风险调度
吴巨爱1, 薛禹胜2, 谢东亮2, 岳东1,3, 薛峰2
1.南京邮电大学自动化学院、人工智能学院 南京 210023;
2.南瑞集团有限公司(国网电力科学研究院有限公司) 南京 211000;
3.南京邮电大学先进技术研究院 南京 210023
The Joint Risk Dispatch of Electric Vehicle in Day-Ahead Electricity Energy Market and Reserve Market
Wu Juai1, Xue Yusheng2, Xie Dongliang2, Yue Dong1,3, Xue Feng2
1. College of Automation & College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China;
2. NARI Group Corporation (State Grid Electric Power Research Institute) Nanjing 211000 China;
3. Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China
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摘要 市场环境下,实现电动汽车(EV)的有序用电调度,将为电网提供多样化的功率调节手段,支撑“双碳”目标下新能源为主体新型电力系统的建设。其中涉及多方市场参与者的决策博弈,是能源的信息-物理-社会系统(CPSSE)的典型应用之一。EV聚合商作为连接EV用户与电网的中间环节,需要处理好与用户之间的合约博弈,以及做好电力市场中的决策策略。该文以EV集群提供运行备用为背景,首先,分析了多方市场参与者的交互关系,提出EV聚合商与用户之间的合约机制;然后,分析了EV集群同时参与电能量市场与备用市场的耦合效应,通过聚合商参与备用辅助服务市场的机制设计,实现了EV正常充电与参与备用服务的解耦;最后,以聚合商风险收益最大为目标,构建多场景下聚合商同时参与日前电能量市场与备用市场的联合调度优化模型,通过算例仿真揭示了模型的有效性,实现了日内备用调度不确定性时的日前最优风险预防控制。
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吴巨爱
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关键词 电动汽车备用调度市场机制联合优化    
Abstract:Electric vehicle (EV) is a kind of distributed electrochemical energy storage resource. As the intermediate link between EV users and power grid, EV aggregator needs to manage the contract game with users and the decision-making strategy in the power market, and faces the coupling problem of trading products when EV participates in multiple markets. In order to solve the above problems, the contract mechanism between the aggregator and EV users is proposed, the reserve auxiliary service market mechanism compatible with the aggregator’s participation is designed, and a joint dispatching optimization model of the aggregator participate in the day-ahead electricity energy market and the reserve market at the same time under multiple scenarios is constructed.
Firstly, the interaction relationship between various market participants in the process of providing reserve by EV is analyzed, and the contract mechanism between aggregator and EV users is put forward: aggregator gives discount coefficients of charging price corresponding to different pricing element parameter values, that is, the types of orderly charging/discharging contract packages that users can participate in, and users compare which contract package meets the expected discount coefficient, and submit the information of using EV demand (that is, set the corresponding parameter values of each pricing element). Then, two kinds of coupling effects (the first kind of coupling effect: the coupling of reserve electricity and reserve capacity; the second kind of coupling effect: the coupling of reserve electricity and spot electricity) of EV clusters participate in the electricity energy market and reserve market at the same time are put forward and analyzed, and the prevention control before the occurrence of reserve shortage events are carried out through risk optimization in multiple scenarios to eliminate the influence of the first kind of coupling effect; for the second kind of coupling effect, the actually dispatched reserve electricity will be included in the electricity energy market system, but it will be distinguished in the settlement. Finally, with the objective of maximizing the risk revenue of the aggregator, a joint dispatching optimization model is constructed in which the aggregator participates in the day-ahead electricity energy market and the reserve market at the same time under multiple scenarios, in which the reserve market revenue includes day-ahead reserve capacity revenue and intra-day reserve electricity revenue after the reserve capacity being dispatched, and the decision variables of the optimization model is the day-ahead scheduled power of each EV.
Several scenarios of uncertain intra-day reserve shortage events are constructed, and the case simulation results show that the day-ahead optimal risk prevention control of EV aggregator when intra-day reserve dispatching is uncertain is realized through the above dispatching optimization model. With the increase of the occurrence probability of the reserve shortage event, the higher the certainty of the charging/discharging strategy formulated by aggregator and the bidding quantity in day-ahead reserve market, the higher the risk revenue of aggregator.
Based on the idea of “decoupling and coordination”, a joint optimization model of the dispatching strategy of the aggregator in electricity energy market and reserve market with the objective of maximizing the risk revenue is proposed. On the one hand, the proposed model and strategy theoretically verify the feasibility of EV’s participation in two markets at the same time, and realize the day-ahead optimal risk prevention control of aggregators. On the other hand, the win-win situation of multiple market participants is realized under market environment, which provides practical feasibility for EV providing reserve service.
Key wordsElectric vehicle    reserve    dispatch    market mechanism    joint optimization   
收稿日期: 2022-07-19     
PACS: TM73  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金(61933005)、江苏省自然科学基金(BK20230369)、江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究项目(21KJB470027)、江苏省配电网智能技术与装备协同创新中心开放基金项目(XTCX202104)资助
通讯作者: 薛禹胜 男,1941年生,院士,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统自动化。E-mail:xueyusheng@sgepri.sgcc.com.cn   
作者简介: 吴巨爱 男,1989年生,博士,讲师,研究方向为电力市场仿真、电力需求侧管理、用户行为建模。E-mail:wujuai@njupt.edu.cn
引用本文:   
吴巨爱, 薛禹胜, 谢东亮, 岳东, 薛峰. 电动汽车参与电量市场与备用市场的联合风险调度[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(23): 6407-6418. Wu Juai, Xue Yusheng, Xie Dongliang, Yue Dong, Xue Feng. The Joint Risk Dispatch of Electric Vehicle in Day-Ahead Electricity Energy Market and Reserve Market. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(23): 6407-6418.
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