系统强度视角下含跟网型和构网型设备混联系统的低频段小干扰稳定分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250039

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摘要

未来电力系统将呈现大量跟网型与构网型设备混联并网新特征。然而,强网背景下系统存在构网型设备引发的低频振荡问题,构网型设备异构特性以及跟网型与构网型设备交互作用如何影响该类低频振荡问题尚不清晰。为此,首先构建了适用于低频振荡分析的构网型和跟网型设备的简化模型;然后,基于矩阵摄动理论,分别针对考虑异构特性的构网型设备多馈入系统以及跟网型和构网型混联多馈入系统,构造了近似反映原系统低频主导模态的等效同构系统,保留了原系统网架结构特征,并得到了能反映原系统低频主导模态的特征子系统。在此基础上,从系统强度的视角提出了考虑异构特性的系统低频段稳定性评估指标,并揭示了构网型设备异构特性以及跟网型设备动态对系统低频段稳定性的作用机理;最后,仿真算例说明了所提分析方法的有效性。

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	詹修瑜
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关键词 ：跟网型设备, 构网型设备, 低频振荡, 特征子系统, 系统强度

Abstract：

The future power system will present a new hybrid grid-connected configuration with both grid-following devices (GFLDs) and grid-forming devices (GFMDs). Due to the strong stochasticity of renewable power generations, the system may encounter high short-circuit ratio (SCR) scenarios with low penetration of renewable power generations under extreme conditions. This may cause GFMD-induced low-frequency oscillation issues where the oscillation frequency is in the range of [0.1Hz, 2.5Hz]. Therefore, it is important to investigate how the interaction among GFMDs influence the low-frequency oscillation stability, and how the connection of GFLDs influence this type of oscillation stability. The existing research commonly investigated the sub-synchronous oscillation issues dominated by GFLDs in weak grids. Only a few works discussed the GFMD-induced low-frequency oscillation issues with the assumption that the GFMDs are homogeneous. However, it is still unknown how the interaction among heterogeneous GFLDs and GFMDs influences this type of low-frequency oscillation issues. Due to this, this paper proposes a novel method to evaluate small-signal low-frequency stability of power systems with GFLDs and GFMDs from the perspective of system strength.
Firstly, to simplify the analysis, this paper constructs simplified dynamic models of GFLDs and GFMDs suitable for low-frequency oscillation analysis. Secondly, based on matrix perturbation theory, equivalent homogeneous systems that approximately reflect the low-frequency dominant mode of the original system are constructed for the multi-GFMDs system considering heterogeneous GFMDs and the connection of GFLDs, where the established homogeneous system retains the network structure characteristics of the original system. Furtherly, the eigen-subsystem are derived, which can reflect the low-frequency dominant mode of the original system. On this basis, from the perspective of system strength, the low-frequency oscillation stability evaluation index of the original complex multi-infeed system is proposed, and the mechanism of the heterogeneous characteristics of grid-forming devices and the interaction between grid-following and grid-forming devices on the low-frequency oscillation of the system is revealed. Finally, the proposed analysis method is validated through case studies on a three-infeed system with two GFMDs and a GFLD and a modified IEEE 39-node system.
The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) The proposed simplified models of GFLD and GFMD are applicable to the low-frequency oscillation stability analysis of hybrid multi-infeed systems, which is verified based on detailed electromagnetic transient models; the constructed eigen-subsystem can approximately reflect the low-frequency stability of the original complex multi-infeed system. (2) The proposed generalized short-circuit ratio (gSCR) index and its critical value effectively reflect system strength and low-frequency stability margin in hybrid renewable energy systems, which simplifies the complexity of the stability analysis. (3) From the perspective of system strength, the connection of GFLDs has no impact on grid strength, but influence the critical value of grid strength. Therefore, the impact of the connection of GFLDs on the low-frequency oscillation stability of the system can be equivalently regarded as changing the maximal SCR requirement of the original multi-grid-forming device grid-connected system, thereby affecting the low-frequency stability of the system. Besides, how the GFLDs influence the maximal gSCR requirement depends on the control structure and control parameters of the GFLDs (the addition of GFLDs may improve or deteriorate the system stability).

Key words： grid-following device grid-forming device low-frequency oscillation eigen-subsystems system strength

收稿日期: 2025-01-07

PACS:

TM712

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFB2405900）、国家自然科学基金项目（52207140）和浙江省自然科学基金项目（LY23E070003）资助

通讯作者: 袁辉男,1991年生,博士,研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定分析与控制。E-mail：Yuan_Hui@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 詹修瑜男,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定分析与控制。E-mail：22360580@zju.edu.cn

引用本文:

詹修瑜, 袁辉, 胡光, 辛焕海. 系统强度视角下含跟网型和构网型设备混联系统的低频段小干扰稳定分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 20250039-20250039. Zhan Xiuyu, Yuan Hui, Hu Guang, Xin Huanhai. Small-Signal Low-Frequency Stability Analysis of Power Systems With Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Devices Based on System Strength. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 20250039-20250039.

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