Anti-Misalignment Wireless Charging System for Near-Space Vehicles Based on Bowl-Coupled Structure
Yang Shanghang1,2, Wang Yi1, Xu Guoning1,2, Wang Zhenyu1,2, Zhu Siyuan1,2
1. Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
Abstract：The high-altitude scientific balloon is a near-space vehicle flying in the stratosphere, which needs to carry out load debugging and system integration debugging before release. It consumes the power of the energy storage battery in real-time and requires a connection to the charging cable for the power supply. However, the system's storage battery is inside the pod and needs to be lifted during the commissioning phase. As a result, the pod rotates or swings due to wind, causing the power supply cables to become entangled. The temperature of the neighboring space is extremely low, so the pod needs to be insulated and sealed, which also causes inconvenience for the power supply cable. This paper presents a magnetically coupled resonant wireless charging system based on the LCC-S compensation topology for near-space vehicles. The system utilizes magnetically coupled resonant wireless energy transfer technology to supply power to the internal battery for energy storage. The energy-transmitting end is on the ground, and the receiving end is inside the pod. The receiving end will undergo rotational and swing offsets when the pod is in motion. Due to different perturbation directions, the swing offset of the receiving end will occur in all directions. However, the existing wireless charging system anti-offset research only analyses the positional offset, rotational offset, and single-direction swing offset, which can not satisfy the anti-offset requirements of the wireless charging scenarios of the proposed system. This paper proposes a bowl-shaped coupling structure to simultaneously achieve anti-rotational and multi-directional anti-swing offsets. Firstly, according to the pod working conditions, this paper takes the coupling coefficient fluctuation rate (KFR) as the target and the device's weight at the receiving end as the constraint. The key dimensional parameters of the bowl coupling structure are analyzed using the finite element simulation software, and the parameter design method is provided. Secondly, the influence of the coil turn number on the transfer efficiency is analyzed, and the optimal design of the turn number of the primary and secondary side coils is carried out. Then, the relationship between core thickness, density, and loss is analyzed, and the core thickness is optimized further to reduce the weight of the receiving end device. The magnetic field density distribution in the pod is simulated, and the proposed wireless charging system is found to have no electromagnetic interference with other devices within the pod. Finally, a wireless energy transfer experimental platform with an output power of 1 kW is constructed on a six-degree-of-freedom platform. The experimental results show that the proposed bowl coupling structure can achieve 360° anti-rotational offset with anti-swing offset in any swing direction [-10°, 10°] swing offset angle, the maximum coupling coefficient fluctuation rate KFR is 0.286, and the system transmission efficiency is maintained at 83.0% to 87.1%.
杨尚航, 王义, 徐国宁, 王振宇, 朱思源. 基于碗状耦合结构的临近空间飞行器用抗偏转无线充电系统[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(20): 6433-6445.
Yang Shanghang, Wang Yi, Xu Guoning, Wang Zhenyu, Zhu Siyuan. Anti-Misalignment Wireless Charging System for Near-Space Vehicles Based on Bowl-Coupled Structure. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(20): 6433-6445.
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