兼顾调节速度和无功均衡度的风电场群电压控制策略

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240956

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摘要在省调两级电压控制架构下,风电集群中各风电场自动电压控制（AVC）子站在相互间没有通信的情况下独立进行电压控制,导致调节快的风电场无功出力多,调节慢的风电场无功出力少。该文首先分析风电场AVC子站无功调节周期和调节步长对风电场并网点电压控制的影响;然后提出了基于“变步长扰动观测”的风电场AVC子站电压控制策略,通过评估其他风电场电压控制对该风电场并网点电压的影响,动态调节AVC子站无功调节步长,提高风电场电压调节速度;之后,在变步长控制的基础上,考虑风电场无功出力约束,兼顾电压调节速度和风电集群无功功率均衡;最后搭建风电场汇集系统,验证所提策略的有效性。

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关键词 ：自动电压控制（AVC）子站, 无功电压控制, 变步长, 扰动观测, 无功约束

Abstract：Under the two-stage voltage control architecture of provincial regulation, the superior dispatching control center directly sends the voltage command value to the automatic voltage control (AVC) sub-stations of each wind farm, and the AVC sub-stations of each wind farm in the wind power cluster independently perform voltage control without communication with each other. In this case, the AVC sub-stations of each wind farm can only obtain the operation data of the local station. The high efficiency and accuracy of reactive power allocation cannot be achieved through AVC master station, which makes the voltage regulation efficiency of wind power cluster low. In addition, due to the different response time of the energy management platform and the wind turbine, the voltage regulation response speed of the wind farm is also different. Wind farms with fast regulation speed bear more reactive power, and wind farms with slow regulation speed bear less reactive power, resulting in unbalanced reactive power and waste of reactive power regulation capacity.
Firstly, this paper analyzes the influence of reactive power regulation period and regulation step of AVC sub-station on the voltage control of wind farm grid-connected point. Considering that the operating parameters of each wind farm equipment in the actual system are relatively fixed, the reactive power regulation period is not easy to change, and the fixed adjustment step cannot take into account the adjustment speed and adjustment accuracy. Therefore, this paper focuses on improving the voltage regulation speed of wind farm by changing the reactive power regulation step length.
Secondly, because the voltage of the wind farm grid-connected point is not only related to the reactive power output of its own station, but also affected by the reactive power output of other stations, this paper proposes a voltage control strategy of the AVC sub-station of wind power plant based on "variable step perturbation observation". This strategy changes the output reactive power of the wind power plant, and then measures the voltage change of the grid-connected point, and evaluate the influence of voltage control of other wind farms on the wind farm grid-connected point, dynamically adjust the reactive power regulation step of AVC sub-station, improve the voltage regulation speed of the wind farm, so that the voltage of the wind farm grid-connected point can enter the voltage dead zone faster.
Thirdly, in order to improve the reactive power imbalance in the wind power cluster, the reactive power constraint relationship of the wind farm stations in the cluster is established by analyzing the voltage reactive power coupling relationship between each wind farm, and considering the difference of the reactive power margin of each wind farm station, the variable step size control strategy is improved, and an improved wind farm voltage control strategy considering reactive power constraint is proposed. The voltage regulation speed and reactive power balance of wind power cluster are considered.
Finally, based on the operating data of a wind power cluster in East China, a simulation model of wind farm convergence system is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Key words： Automatic voltage control (AVC) sub-station reactive voltage control variable step size disturbance observation reactive power constraint

收稿日期: 2024-05-31

PACS:

TM614

基金资助:国网江苏省电力有限公司科技项目资助（J2023067）

通讯作者: 朱晓荣女,1972年生,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为新能源发电及并网技术、直流微电网等。E-mail：xiaorongzhu@ncepu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘伟男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为风电并网电压控制技术。E-mail：2311913204@qq.com

引用本文:

朱晓荣, 刘伟, 叶世琦, 朱丹丹, 徐晓春. 兼顾调节速度和无功均衡度的风电场群电压控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(13): 4216-4228. Zhu Xiaorong, Liu Wei, Ye Shiqi, Zhu Dandan, Xu Xiaochun. Wind Farm Group Voltage Control Strategy Considering Both Regulation Speed and Reactive Power Equalization. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(13): 4216-4228.

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