电工技术学报  2025, Vol. 40 Issue (10): 3181-3194    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240312
电力电子 |
基于并网变流器电流稳定运行域的锁相环参数设计方法
郑宇婷1, 肖凡1, 谢伟杰1, 涂春鸣1, 范丁中2
1.湖南大学国家电能变换与控制工程技术研究中心 长沙 410082;
2.国网湘潭供电公司 湘潭 411100
A Phase-Locked Loop Parameter Design Method Based on Current Stable Operation Domain of Grid-Connected Converter
Zheng Yuting1, Xiao Fan1, Xie Weijie1, Tu Chunming1, Fan Dingzhong2
1. National Electric Power Conversion and Control Engineering Technology Research Center Hunan University Changsha 410082 China;
2. State Grid Xiangtan Power Supply Company Xiangtan 411100 China
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摘要 传统并网变流器(GCC)控制参数设计通常在额定工况下展开,为了确保系统在非额定工况下安全运行,往往需要牺牲锁相环带宽换取稳定裕度,难以实现变流器稳定性和快速性之间的折中。此外,稳定裕度与系统输出极限的关系难以确定,二者间的定量关系依赖仿真或者实验。为此,该文提出一种基于电流稳定运行域的锁相环参数设计方法。首先,考虑控制环路之间的相互耦合,推导了复矢量开环传递函数Gs(s),用于分析GCC不同系统参数下的稳定运行范围。其次,通过数值分析,得到了电流环与锁相环(PLL)的控制参数域,并分析了环路间耦合对锁相环控制参数取值的影响。然后,得到了不同PLL开环截止频率下GCC的电流稳定边界,并根据所需稳定运行余量选取控制参数,在保证稳定性的同时提升PLL动态性。最后,通过仿真与实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性和所提设计方法的有效性。
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郑宇婷
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范丁中
关键词 并网变流器弱电网锁相环参数设计    
Abstract:Traditional control parameter design methods of grid-connected converters (GCCs) are usually carried out under rated operation conditions. The stability margin is generally characterized by the magnitude margin (GM) and phase margin (PM). The bandwidth of the phase-locked loop (PLL) needs to be sacrificed for enough system stability margin, which ensures that the system can operate safely under non-rated working conditions. Therefore, traditional parameter design methods make it difficult to achieve a compromise between the stability and rapidity of GCC. Furthermore, the relationship between the stability margin and the output limit of the system is difficult to obtain, which relies on simulations or experiments. To address this issue, this paper proposes a control parameter design method based on the system stable operation domain, which com- prehensively considers the variable working conditions and different stability requirements.
Firstly, the complex vector open-loop transfer function Gs(s) is derived, which can analyze the stability of the system in a wide operating range or under different parameters. Secondly, varying the values of the PLL and current loop control parameters, the feasible domain of control parameters can be obtained by numerical analysis. PLL and current loop are coupled to each other due to the grid impedance. Therefore, the phase-locked loop parameter has a stable parameter boundary. Thirdly, based on the upper limit of the obtained PLL parameter, the three-dimensional diagram between the PLL parameter and the output current of the dq-axis is plotted, which shows the stable operation boundaries of GCC under different PLL parameters. Finally, taking the operation margin as the stability margin, the PLL parameter can be flexibly designed to realize the balance between the stability margin and the dynamic performance. Theoretical analysis results show that the control parameter design method based on the stable domain can ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system. Compared with traditional parameter design methods, determining the value of control parameter based on operation margin can improve the dynamic performance of PLL. At the same time, the corresponding relationship between different stability margin and the output current limit of the system can be obtained. Finally, the simulation and experiment results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed design method.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the theoretical analyses: (1) The derived open-loop complex transfer function can be used to plot the control parameter feasible domain and the stable operation domain of GCC. The PLL control parameter satisfying the operation margin can be obtained quickly without repeated trial and error in the parameter design. (2) The analysis results show that the grid strength is positively correlated with the parameter feasible domain and the PLL cutoff frequency is negatively correlated with the stable operation domain. The cutoff frequency value of PLL is limited by the current loop parameter. The smaller the operating current in the parameter design, the wider the range of PLL cutoff frequency, and the better the dynamic performance of the PLL. (3) The control parameter design method based on the stable operation domain can directly quantify the influence of stability margin on the limit of the output current, which can be used for obtaining the stable boundaries under different stability margin. At the same time, the control parameters of PLL can be flexibly designed according to the actual needs of rapidity.
Key wordsGrid-connected converter    weak grid    phase-locked loop    parameter design   
收稿日期: 2024-02-28     
PACS: TM721  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金重点项目(52130704)和国家自然科学基金面上项目(52077072)资助
通讯作者: 谢伟杰 男,1995年生,博士研究生,研究方向为电力电子技术及其在电力系统中的应用。E-mail:vijayxie@hnu.edu.cn   
作者简介: 郑宇婷 女,1999年生,博士研究生,研究方向为分布式发电与电力电子技术。E-mail:yt0107yt@hnu.edu.cn
引用本文:   
郑宇婷, 肖凡, 谢伟杰, 涂春鸣, 范丁中. 基于并网变流器电流稳定运行域的锁相环参数设计方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(10): 3181-3194. Zheng Yuting, Xiao Fan, Xie Weijie, Tu Chunming, Fan Dingzhong. A Phase-Locked Loop Parameter Design Method Based on Current Stable Operation Domain of Grid-Connected Converter. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(10): 3181-3194.
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