基于电致噪声频响函数的多谐波工况下换流变压器噪声等效评估方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221718

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摘要现行变压器噪声测试标准仅规定工频试验条件,使得换流变压器实际运行的噪声远超过测试水平。因此在规划换流站前,需要准确评估换流变压器的出厂噪声。该文以等效实际多谐波运行工况为目标,提出单频叠加和降容量两种换流变压器噪声等效评估方法。单频叠加试验是利用单一频率激励加载噪声试验结果,通过叠加定理来评估复合频率激励加载下换流变压器噪声水平;降容量试验是在多频谐波电源容量不能满足直接加载情况下的一种替代加载方案,降容量试验结果加上40 lgm（m为降容比例）得到全容量下的噪声水平,并通过分析比较实测和评估的噪声频率特性及声场分布验证所提方法的有效性和准确性。结果表明,单频叠加试验得到的噪声误差均在1.8 dB以内,降容量加载试验得到的噪声误差均在1.6 dB以内,相比以往工频加载方式大幅度提升了换流变压器噪声评估的准确性。所提等效评估测试方法为换流变压器制造厂家掌握产品运行噪声性能提供了有效方法,同时能够为换流站噪声设计与治理提供有力支撑。

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关键词 ：换流变压器, 运行工况, 噪声等效评估方法, 噪声特性, 声场分布

Abstract：When the noise assessment of the converter transformer before leaving the factory, the basic data generally adopts the test value of the equipment manufacturer or the previous engineering data, and there is a certain gap between the test conditions and the actual working conditions of the site and the actual working conditions, which is difficult to accurately reflect the actual noise situation of the equipment. The electrical equipment in the converter station is larger in size and close to the distance, and a series of reflections, diffraction and other phenomena will occur when obstacles are encountered in the process of noise propagation, and it is difficult to accurately measure the sound source and achieve accurate evaluation of the sound power level of a single device. In order to accurately evaluate the noise level of a single power device, it is particularly important to propose a more accurate factory test method for converter transformer noise.
The injection of harmonic current and voltage is the main factor in the rise of the noise level of the converter transformer operation. By using the relationship between the radiated sound pressure of the converter transformer and the square of the excitation voltage and the square of the current, the equivalent evaluation method of the noise of the converter transformer is proposed, taking the equivalent actual multi-harmonic operating conditions as the goal. The single-frequency superposition test is to evaluate the noise level of the converter transformer under the loaded complex frequency excitation by using the result of the single frequency excitation loading noise test through the superposition theorem. Capacitance reduction test is an alternative loading scheme in the case that the capacity of multi-frequency harmonic power supply cannot meet the direct loading, and add 40lgm (reduction ratio) to the capacity reduction test result to obtain the noise level at full capacity. The single-frequency superposition and capacitance reduction tests of the converter transformer are carried out to obtain the radiated noise under different harmonic operating conditions of the converter transformer, and the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are analyzed and compared to verify the noise frequency characteristics and sound field distribution measured and evaluated. The results show that the noise error obtained by the single-frequency superposition test is within 1.8 dB, and the noise error obtained by the capacitance reduction loading test is within 1.6 dB, which greatly improves the accuracy of the noise evaluation of the converter transformer compared with the previous power frequency loading method. The proposed equivalent evaluation test method provides an effective method for converter transformer manufacturers to grasp the noise performance of product operation, and at the same time provides a strong support for the noise design and treatment of converter station.

Key words： Converter transformer operating conditions noise equivalent evaluation method noise characteristics sound field distribution

收稿日期: 2022-09-09

PACS:

TM41

基金资助:国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目资助（5226SX220008）

通讯作者: 祝令瑜男,1988年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力设备振动与噪声、直流电弧特性与检测、电力设备状态监测及故障诊断、新能源设备服役特性及状态评估等。E-mail：zhuly1026@xjtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 王世长男,1996年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为换流变压器噪声评估预测技术。E-mail：scwang@stu.xjtu.edu.cn

引用本文:

王世长, 祝令瑜, 吴书煜, 吴健, 刘志远, 耿明昕, 王绿, 张凡, 汲胜昌. 基于电致噪声频响函数的多谐波工况下换流变压器噪声等效评估方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(23): 6525-6538. Wang Shichang, Zhu Lingyu, Wu Shuyu, Wu Jian, Liu Zhiyuan, Geng Mingxin, Wang Lü, Zhang Fan, Ji Shengchang. Converter Transformer Noise Equivalent Evaluation Method in Multi-Harmonic Operating Conditions Based on the Electro-Induced Noise Frequency Response Function. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(23): 6525-6538.

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