计及控制时间窗内功率波动的风电场群无功电压分层优化控制

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.180248

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摘要针对因风电场群的无功电压控制指令周期远大于风电场内有功无功控制周期而造成的场群电压控制指令没有考虑控制周期内有功出力波动带来的节点电压变化的问题,提出一种考虑控制时间窗内电压波动的大规模风电场群无功电压优化控制策略。区域场群控制层采用模型预测控制技术,通过对控制窗内风电出力的动态预测,求取控制窗内从当前至未来多个时刻的中枢点电压偏差和总网损的最优无功控制向量,然后对各风场下达当前无功控制指令。各风场进行自主优化跟踪。通过实时滚动优化,达到总体优化控制效果。在RT-Lab仿真平台上建立由9个大型风电场组成的场群模型,验证了所提出的控制策略比常规优化控制有更好的全局电压优化控制效果,可降低由于风电波动而产生的无功电压事故的风险。

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关键词 ：模型预测控制, 风电场群, 风电场无功控制, 无功-电压控制, 滚动优化

Abstract：Since the interval of voltage control of wind farm clusters (WFC) is much longer than that of wind farms, the voltage control instruction for wind farms fails to consider the voltage fluctuation caused by wind power in cluster control interval. Therefore, this paper proposes a kind of model predictive control (MPC) for the voltage optical control of a large scale WFC considering voltage fluctuation in a control time window. The MPC is used in the layer of WFC control to predict the wind power fluctuation of wind farms and calculate the optical reactive power control vectors, which optimizes the nodes voltage deviation and overall power losses from the current time to several future time in a control interval. Then the wind farm control instruction is extracted from the vectors. Wind farms in the cluster will track it autonomously. Thus, the overall optimal control will be realized through real time receding horizon optimization. Finally, the proposed control and regular control are compared by simulations with the WFC model including 9 wind farms on the RT-Lab platform. It is shown that the proposed control has better global optimal results for WFC voltage control that can reduce the risk of voltage instability.

Key words： Model predictive control wind farm cluster wind farm voltage control reactive- voltage control receding horizon optimization

收稿日期: 2018-02-26 出版日期: 2019-03-29

PACS:

TM734

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（516771171005987）

作者简介: 李征女,1961年生,博士,教授,从事智能控制、复杂大系统、分布式电能系统控制及接入、储能系统应用方面的研究工作。E-mail:lizhengdh@hotmail.com

引用本文:

蔡游明, 李征, 蔡旭. 计及控制时间窗内功率波动的风电场群无功电压分层优化控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(6): 1240-1250. Cai Youming, Li Zheng, Cai Xu. Voltage Hierarchical Optimal Control of a Wind Farm Cluster in Account of Voltage Fluctuation in Control Time Window. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(6): 1240-1250.

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24 通信作者:蔡游明男,1990年生,博士研究生,主要研究方向为大规模风电集群及场站功率控制.
25 E-mail: cymbill@hotmail.com