DoS攻击下基于弹性自触发一致性的多VSGs孤岛微电网功率分配与调频控制

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251406

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摘要

孤岛微电网中多个虚拟同步发电机（VSG）的分布式二次控制需要通过稀疏网络进行远程信息交换,易受网络攻击导致控制性能恶化,影响系统稳定。针对这一问题,本文考虑拒绝服务（DoS）攻击的影响,提出一种基于弹性自触发一致性的多VSGs孤岛微电网功率分配与调频控制。首先,分析VSG控制下逆变器的输出频率,并对全局DoS攻击与局部DoS攻击进行建模;然后针对两种攻击类型设计基于自触发一致性算法的弹性控制器,将DoS攻击考虑到本文控制中,提高DoS攻击的抵御能力,引入自触发机制,降低计算和通信需求,并对触发函数做优化处理,在确保扰动后即时触发的同时进一步减少触发次数与计算成本;最后,搭建包含4台VSGs并联运行的孤岛微电网仿真模型验证所提方法的有效性。结果表明,本文所提控制方法能够应对网络攻击导致的通信中断问题,在DoS攻击下仍能保证将频率恢复到额定值,实现功率精确分配,同时降低计算与通信负担。

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	郭潇镁
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关键词 ：虚拟同步发电机, 一致性算法, 孤岛微电网, 自触发, DoS攻击

Abstract：

The distributed secondary control of multiple virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) in the island microgrid can effectively achieve frequency restoration and reasonable power distribution. However, the distributed control relies on remote information exchange through sparse network, and this communication process is vulnerable to network attacks, which degrade control performance. Among these attacks, denial of service (DoS) attack can block the transmission of secondary signals, which will lead to control errors and affect the stability of the system.
Considering the influence of DoS attack, a power distribution and frequency modulation control for multiple VSGs in isolated microgrid based on resilient self-triggered consistency is proposed to solve this problem. Firstly, the output frequency of inverters controlled by VSG is analyzed, and the global DoS attack and local DoS attack are modeled, with such attacks constrained by attack times and attack duration. Then, the resilient controller based on self-triggered consistency algorithm is designed for these two attack types. The DoS attack is considered in the secondary control, so as to improve the resistance to DoS attack. The self-triggered mechanism is introduced to reduce the calculation and communication requirements, and the trigger function is optimized to further reduce the trigger times and calculation cost while ensuring immediate trigger after disturbance. Finally, an islanded microgrid simulation model with four VSGs running in parallel is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the control method can ensure the frequency to return to the rated value and realize accurate power distribution under DoS attack, and simultaneously reduces the calculation and communication burden.
According to the simulation analysis, the resilient control proposed in this paper can improve the system's ability to resist network attacks by modifying the local clock and power distribution control variables. The self-triggered mechanism with optimized trigger conditions can reduce communication frequency and the number of trigger condition calculations.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis: (1) The resilient secondary control can ensure that the system has good robustness under DoS attack, including the global DoS attack that blocks all communication channels and the local DoS attack that affects each channel independently. When the system is attacked by DoS, the control variables are reset to zero, and the local clock is modified to resist the attack. (2) The self-triggered mechanism is used in the signal communication between VSGs, and the next trigger time is calculated only when the local clock decays to zero. This avoids continuous monitoring of trigger conditions and can reduce communication pressure and computation burden. (3) The trigger condition is optimized and the counting variable is introduced to gradually increase the trigger interval when the system enters the steady state, which can effectively avoid the redundant trigger of controllers and reduce the trigger times and calculation cost. After modifying the trigger condition, the communication times under global DoS attack and local DoS attack decreased by 85.8% and 91.3% respectively. (4) Simulation and hardware-in-the-loop experiments show that the proposed control strategy can achieve zero-error frequency regulation and accurate active power distribution. It reduces the link communication and calculation burden, and improves the resistance of VSGs to DoS attack.

Key words： Virtual synchronous generator consistency algorithm island microgrid self-triggered mechanism DoS attack

收稿日期: 2025-08-10

PACS:	TM762
	TM464

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（62303183）

通讯作者: 周一辰女,1990年生,副教授,研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定分析与控制等。E-mail：zhou.yi.chen.1990@163.com

作者简介: 郭潇镁女,1999年生,博士研究生,研究方向虚拟同步发电机系统稳定与控制。E-mail：2280788479@qq.com

引用本文:

郭潇镁, 李永刚, 周一辰. DoS攻击下基于弹性自触发一致性的多VSGs孤岛微电网功率分配与调频控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 20251406-20251406. Guo Xiaomei, Li Yonggang, Zhou Yichen. Power Distribution and Frequency Modulation Control for Multiple VSGs in Islanded Microgrid Based on Resilient Self-Triggered Consistency under DoS Attack. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 20251406-20251406.

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