Optimization of the Natural Open-Fault Tolerant Control for a Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Huang Tao1, Zhang Juntao2, Han Zhenmao2, Tian Bing1
1. College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China; 2. China Aviation Industry Corporation Jincheng Nanjing Electromechanical Hydraulic Engineering Research Center Nanjing 210016 China
Abstract：Due to the demands for enhanced power output and operational reliability in aerospace, marine propulsion, and electric vehicles, dual-three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors (DTP-PMSM) have attracted considerable attention due to their high reliability, large power capacity, and low torque ripple. Their strong tolerance to phase loss is a core advantage, making the development of simple yet efficient fault-tolerant control strategies and performance optimization imperative. Among existing fault-tolerant control technologies, the reduced-order decoupling transformation fault-tolerant strategy has notable limitations. Under various phase-loss fault modes—such as single-phase or two-phase open-circuit faults—it is necessary to reconstruct mathematical models and control equations for each fault topology. It lengthens the control development cycle and reduces real-time control accuracy due to the complexity of model switching, resulting in substantial computational overhead. By contrast, natural fault-tolerant control allows direct reuse of the decoupling transformation matrix from normal operating conditions, enabling fault-tolerant operation after a fault through harmonic current regulation alone, without the need to reconstruct the control framework. Thus, it has attracted widespread research interest. However, most natural fault-tolerant strategies overlook the impacts of open-phase conditions. Such unaddressed factors lead to current distortion and aggravated torque ripples after a fault, ultimately resulting in a marked decline in fault-tolerant performance. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimization method for natural fault-tolerant control under phase-loss faults. To address the post-fault control degrees of freedom, a matching relationship between the number of open phases and the number of current control loops is defined to ensure controllability. To address the decoupling failure of fundamental and harmonic currents, a harmonic-current configuration scheme based on a linear combination of fundamental currents is proposed. By integrating constraints such as equal current amplitudes in healthy phases and minimal stator copper loss, the optimal fault-tolerant current configuration is derived. For a fault-tolerant voltage configuration, this paper presents a precise optimal calculation method based on the harmonic/zero-sequence spatial current model. Meanwhile, a technical solution is proposed that integrates neutral-point voltage calculation and compensation. Experiments were carried out on a dual three-phase motor control test platform. After a single-phase open-circuit fault, the proposed fault-tolerant current configuration markedly optimized current waveforms. Combined with the fault-tolerant voltage configuration and neutral-point voltage compensation strategy, both neutral-point voltage and d-q-axis current fluctuations of the motor were suppressed. Extending this method to scenarios with multi-phase open-circuit faults maintained stable, reliable optimization performance. The following core conclusions are: (1) The current configuration coefficients in the x-y and o1-o2 spaces can be easily solved by the proposed optimization method, laying a foundation for the accurate configuration of fault-tolerant currents. (2) The voltage in the harmonic/zero-sequence subspace possesses forced motion characteristics, and the fault-tolerant control performance can be optimized via targeted parameter configuration of this subspace. (3) The neutral point voltage compensation strategy not only effectively enhances the operational performance after fault-tolerant control but also boasts a straightforward calculation approach. Meanwhile, this method applies to dual three-phase motors with isolated neutral points and to other multi- three-phase motor scenarios, such as nine-phase motors.
黄涛, 张峻涛, 韩镇锚, 田兵. 双三相永磁同步电机的缺相自然容错控制优化方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2026, 41(8): 2601-2615.
Huang Tao, Zhang Juntao, Han Zhenmao, Tian Bing. Optimization of the Natural Open-Fault Tolerant Control for a Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(8): 2601-2615.
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2026, Vol. 41 
