Vector Fault-Tolerant Control with Harmonic Suppression for a Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor under Two-Phase Open-Circuit Conditions
Yuan Lei, Cheng Jianbo, Xu Anfei, Yuan Kai
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China
Abstract：Double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors (DTP-PMSM) offer more pronounced advantages over three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors in high-power and high-reliability applications, which are extensively utilized in ship power propulsion, electric locomotive traction, electric and hybrid vehicles, and aerospace drive applications. Approximately 38% of AC variable speed drive failures are attributed to power semiconductor faults, categorized into short-circuit and open-circuit faults. Fuses can isolate short-circuit faults rapidly. These faults can be converted into open-circuit faults for fault-tolerant control. To investigate the fault-tolerant operation of double three-phase PMSMs under two-phase open-circuit fault conditions, this paper designs a fault-state applicable Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) control strategy, analyzes the current harmonics during the fault, and develops a harmonic suppression strategy to reduce torque ripple. Firstly, based on the principle of constant fundamental magnetic flux before and after the fault, a new reduced-order decoupling matrix is constructed by injecting zero-sequence components into the first two rows of the reduced-order matrix. Then, the motor model after the fault is derived, ensuring that the motor equations remain unchanged in the fundamental plane before and after the fault, which facilitates the design of the controller. Secondly, the magnitude and distribution of the voltage vector in the fundamental plane under two-phase open-circuit faults are analyzed. Sectors are divided based on the distribution of the voltage vector after the fault. A vector synthesis method is designed, and the action time of the active vectors is distributed over the entire switching period. Subsequently, the action sequence of the switching tubes is designed. It reduces the fluctuation of the current within a switching period. Thirdly, the harmonics of the motor current under fault conditions are analyzed. The harmonics mainly originate from the terminal voltage harmonics introduced by the inverter's nonlinearity and the counter-electromotive force harmonics introduced by the motor's structure. The distribution of harmonic currents in the d-q plane under the fault model is derived, and a multiple proportional integral quasi-resonant controller is designed in the d-q plane to suppress current harmonics. Finally, fault-tolerant experiments and harmonic suppression fault-tolerant experiments under fault conditions are designed. The experimental results indicate: (1) The designed fault-state SVPWM control strategy can achieve control under fault conditions but has large harmonic currents, resulting in poor control performance. (2) Under fault conditions, the current harmonics originate from the harmonic electromotive force and harmonic terminal voltage, and the asymmetry of the current phase after the fault causes coupling of the current in various sub-planes. The harmonic current manifests as the superposition of positive and negative sequence components in the fundamental plane. (3) Based on the standard that the current rating remains unchanged, the proposed SVPWM algorithm can generate effective voltage vectors, and the M-PIR controller used significantly suppresses current harmonics. The system can still maintain a specific torque output capability after a fault.
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