Abstract：Due to their cost advantages and stable structure, synchronous reluctance motors have become increasingly popular for low-cost AC speed regulation. To estimate the rotor angle without sensors in the low-speed domain, the high-frequency square wave signal injection method is most appropriate due to the synchronous reluctance motor's distinct saliency. However, because of the nonlinear characteristics of the d and q-axis inductors, the parameter variation caused by the cross-coupling effect during low-speed operation and loading affects the dynamic and steady-state performance of the motor. Therefore, this paper explores the sensorless control of high-frequency square wave injection in the low-speed domain and accounts for cross-coupling. Firstly, based on static shafting, the mathematical model of synchronous reluctance motors is established using coordinate transformation theory. The motor experiment is carried out using the traditional speed-free control method of high-frequency square wave injection. The results show that ignoring the effect of cross-saturation on angle estimation also cause additional torque ripples from high-frequency excitation current fluctuations, adversely affecting dynamic and steady-state performance of the motor. Furthermore, a static method is adopted to determine the offline parameters of the synchronous reluctance motor and fit the inductance flux relationship. Based on the fitted model, the influence of the inductance nonlinearity and its cross-coupling effect on the rotor position estimation is analyzed, and the angle estimation error caused by the cross-coupling effect is calculated. The traditional high-frequency square wave injection control method is enhanced in two ways. Firstly, the cross-coupling effect is considered in the decoupling process of rotor position estimation signals, and angle compensation is added to ensure angle estimation accuracy. Secondly, the double high-frequency square wave injection is used instead of the traditional single D-axis injection to reduce high-frequency excitation current fluctuations and torque ripples caused by high-frequency amplitude. Finally, a simulation platform is built in Matlab, and comparative tests of speed step, sudden loading, and zero speed loading are conducted on a 1.5 kW synchronous reluctance motor test bed, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the improved control method. Simulation and experimental results show that the motor parameters changing with the current can be obtained by off-line parameter identification of the motor. The rotor position error can solve the motor being out of control, which is caused by changes in the rotor position estimation error when the load of the synchronous reluctance motor is suddenly added or reduced. At the same time, the shaft high-frequency injection is added according to the single shaft high-frequency injection signal, which has an inhibition effect on high-frequency torque ripples and improves the dynamic and steady-state performance of the motor.
王建渊, 李英杰, 景航辉, 张彦平, 王海啸. 基于静止轴系改进高频方波注入同步磁阻电机无传感器控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(12): 3658-3669.
Wang Jianyuan, Li Yingjie, Jing Hanghui, Zhang Yanping, Wang Haixiao. Sensorless Control of High Frequency Square Wave Injection Synchronous Reluctance Motor Based on Static Axis System Improvement. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(12): 3658-3669.
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2024, Vol. 39 
