高速永磁电机转子过盈方式对转子应力的影响

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221036

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摘要

本文对高速永磁电机（HSPMM）转子过盈方式对转子应力的影响进行了研究。首先,在二维极坐标下建立了转子各部位统一几何模型的应力场数学模型,可求解不同边界条件下转轴、永磁体和护套的径向应力和周向应力。然后,基于建立的应力场数学模型得到了不同过盈方式下转子应力的解析计算方法,分析了不同过盈方式对转子应力的影响。在此基础上,提出了“虚拟过盈”概念及虚拟过盈下的应力计算表达式,分析了其准确度并解释了其物理意义。最后,通过有限元（FEM）分析方法对一台额定功率50kW,额定转速40000r/min的高速永磁电机进行了分析,说明了不同的过盈方式导致转子应力的差异,验证了理论分析的合理性。

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关键词 ：高速永磁电机, 应力, 过盈, 数学模型

Abstract：

In the design of high speed permanent magnet machine, the calculation and verification of rotor stress is very important, especially the stress of permanent magnet. The existing research mainly focuses on the influence of magnitude of shrink fitting on rotor stress, but ignores the influence of shrink fitting modes. In fact, the shrink fitting between sleeve and permanent magnet has a great impact on the rotor stress. Limited by the electromagnetic power, or in order to improve the material utilization, the stress margin left to permanent magnet or sleeve is limited. If the difference of rotor stress under various shrink fitting modes is not considered in the design, the safety of rotor strength will be greatly reduced when the operating point of the machine is near the limit value of the material stress, which may even lead to the failure of the design of high speed permanent magnet machine. Therefore, the influence of shrink fitting modes on the rotor stress of high speed permanent magnet machine should not be ignored, and more attention must be paid to it when calculating the rotor stress. In this paper, the influence of shrink fitting modes on rotor stress of high speed permanent magnet machine is studied.
Firstly, the stress field mathematical model of the unified geometric model of each part of the rotor is established in two-dimensional polar coordinates. The radial stress and circumferential stress of the shaft, permanent magnet and sleeve can be solved under different boundary conditions. It can be concluded that the rotor stress is the sum of the rotational component and the surface pressure component. The tensile stress caused by rotation can be offset by the pressure from the sleeve, and the degree of offset is determined by the pressure applied by the sleeve. Therefore, in order to calculate the rotor stress accurately, it is necessary not only to accurately calculate the stress caused by rotation, but also to correctly obtain the pressure applied by the sleeve. It is easy to calculate the stress caused by rotation, while the stress offset by the sleeve pressure is more complicated due to the shrink fitting, so it is necessary to study the influence of shrink fitting modes on rotor stress. Then, based on the stress field mathematical model, the analytical calculation method of rotor stress under different shrink fitting modes is further obtained, and the influence of different shrink fitting modes on rotor stress is analyzed. Finally, taking a high speed permanent magnet machine with rated power of 50 kW and rated speed of 40000 rpm as an example, the rotor stress under different shrink fitting modes is calculated by finite element method. When the magnitude of shrink fitting relative to the sleeve thickness cannot be ignored, different shrink fitting modes will significantly affect the rotor stress, especially the core component permanent magnet. Therefore, it is necessary to select a better mode by comparing shrink fitting modes to reduce the rotor stress and improve the safety and reliability of the machine. The research in this paper provides theoretical guidance for the design of shrink fitting modes of high speed permanent magnet machine rotor.

Key words： High speed permanent magnet machine stress shrink fitting mathematical model

PACS:

TM351

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（52007055）和湖南省自然科学基金（2021JJ40099）资助项目

通讯作者: 冯垚径女,1985年生,博士,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电机理论、设计与应用。E-mail：fengyaojing@hnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨江涛男,1991年生,博士,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为特种电机及其控制。E-mail：yangjiangtao@hnu.edu.cn

引用本文:

杨江涛, 王镇宇, 冯垚径, 黄守道. 高速永磁电机转子过盈方式对转子应力的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 31-31. Yang Jiangtao, Wang Zhenyu, Feng Yaojing, Huang Shoudao. Influence of Shrink Fitting Modes on Rotor Stress of High Speed Permanent Magnet Machine. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 31-31.

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