电工技术学报  2023, Vol. 38 Issue (24): 6632-6645    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.220953
电机及其系统 |
基于dq坐标系下6次谐波抑制的车用感应电机低频共振削弱方法
冯婉1,2, 张文娟2, 苗轶如2,3, 黄守道2, 杨生博3
1.长沙学院电子信息与电气工程学院 长沙 410022;
2.湖南大学电气与信息工程学院 长沙 410082;
3.输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学) 重庆 400044
Low Frequency Resonance Reduction Method of Induction Motor Used by Electric Vehicle Based on Sixth Harmonic Suppression in dq Coordinate
Feng Wan1,2, Zhang Wenjuan2, Miao Yiru2,3, Huang Shoudao2, Yang Shengbo3
1. College of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Changsha University Changsha 410022 China;
2. College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
全文: PDF (12656 KB)   HTML
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要 死区、管压降等非线性因素会在逆变器的输出电压中注入低次谐波,从而引起定子电流发生5次与7次谐波畸变并增加转矩脉动。同时,由于电动汽车用感应电机的固有频率较低,当电机中高速运行时,定子电流的低次谐波频率与电机固有频率重合,从而产生低频共振。针对上述问题,该文首先对感应电机固有频率的仿真与测试方法展开研究,确定电机的固有频率范围。然后在对死区与管压降所引起谐波畸变特性进行分析的基础上,提出在转子磁链定向后的两相旋转坐标系(dq坐标系)下矢量控制系统中电流内环加入可衰减6次谐波的谐振控制器,并针对谐振控制器参数的设计方法展开研究。最后建立仿真模型与实验平台,结合电流快速傅里叶变换(FFT)分析结果与功率谱密度以及振动实验数据,并与其他前馈补偿方法进行对比,证明通过对dq坐标系下6次谐波的抑制,可有效降低定子电流的5次与7次谐波以及固有频率处电机的振动功率,同时说明该文的理论分析与所提的dq坐标系下6次谐波抑制方法是正确且可行的。
服务
把本文推荐给朋友
加入我的书架
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章
冯婉
张文娟
苗轶如
黄守道
杨生博
关键词 感应电机低频共振低次谐波控制策略死区    
Abstract:The development of electric vehicles (EVs) is an effective means to solve energy and environmental problems and achieve the goals of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality”. However, the motor drive system in EVs faces severe vibration and noise issues. If the harmonics in the stator current align with the natural frequency of the motor, motor resonance can occur. In an ideal situation, the inverter line voltage and stator current only have sideband harmonics distributed near the fundamental and switching frequencies and their multiples. However, nonlinear factors such as the conduction voltage drop, snubber capacitance, and dead time are added during the modulation process to prevent bridge arm direct connection in the inverter, causing low harmonic distortion of the stator current. In addition, the inherent frequency of induction motors used in EVs is low, and the motor commonly operates over a wide speed range. The low harmonic generated during the modulation process can coincide with the inherent frequency of the motor, resulting in low-frequency resonance.
To suppress the low-order harmonic of the stator current, firstly, the simulation and test method of the natural frequency of the induction motor (IM) is studied, and the natural frequency range of the IM is determined. Then, based on harmonic distortion characteristics caused by dead time and tube voltage drop, a sixth harmonic controller is added to the current inner loop of the vector control system after rotor flux orientation (dq coordinate). Combined with bode plots and pole distribution diagrams, the optimal parameters of the harmonic controller are obtained according to the stability and harmonic suppression characteristics. Finally, the simulation model and experimental platform are established considering current FFT analysis results, power spectral density, and vibration experimental data under four operating conditions (low speed, no load, rated speed, and high speed). Compared with the compensation method of the pulse duration and inverter nonlinearity feedforward, it is proved that suppressing the sixth harmonic in the dq coordinate effectively reduces the fifth and seventh harmonics of the stator current and vibration power of the IM at its natural frequency.
The feasibility and correctness of the proposed method can be certified by the simulation and experimental results, and the conclusions are as follows.
(1) The dead time and voltage drop between the switch and diode can generate nonlinear errors in the output voltage of the inverter. The current inner loop PI controller based on rotor flux orientation cannot suppress the fifth and seventh harmonic distortion of the stator current caused by nonlinear voltage.
(2) The fifth and seventh harmonics in the stator current are transformed into the sixth harmonics in the dq coordinate system. The sixth harmonic controller can effectively suppress the disturbance of nonlinear voltage without generating other harmonic distortion and does not affect the control performance.
(3) Compared with the offline feedforward compensation method, the sixth harmonic controller proposed in this paper belongs to a specific frequency harmonic feedback control method. The harmonic controller can adaptively suppress the sixth harmonic component in the stator voltage under the dq coordinate system and has a good control performance.
Key wordsInduction motor (IM)    low frequency resonance    low harmonic distortion    control strategy    dead-time   
收稿日期: 2022-05-30     
PACS: TM46  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(52077011, 52277034)、湖南省教育厅项目(22A0603)和长沙市重大科技专项项目(kq2105001)资助
通讯作者: 张文娟 女,1986年生,博士,教授,研究方向为高性能永磁电机的设计与控制。E-mail: Z20141074@ccsu.edu.cn   
作者简介: 冯 婉 女,1984年生,博士,讲师,研究方向为电力电子与电机控制技术。E-mail: fengwan@hnu.edu.cn
引用本文:   
冯婉, 张文娟, 苗轶如, 黄守道, 杨生博. 基于dq坐标系下6次谐波抑制的车用感应电机低频共振削弱方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(24): 6632-6645. Feng Wan, Zhang Wenjuan, Miao Yiru, Huang Shoudao, Yang Shengbo. Low Frequency Resonance Reduction Method of Induction Motor Used by Electric Vehicle Based on Sixth Harmonic Suppression in dq Coordinate. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(24): 6632-6645.
链接本文:  
https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.220953          https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2023/V38/I24/6632