计及频率电压稳定性约束的电力系统多层级储能协同优化运行策略

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231727

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1130 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

高比例风电的接入使得电力系统调峰及消纳负担加重。为缓解上述压力,火电机组的开机规模通常会缩减,弱化了其在系统运行期间的频率电压支撑能力,致使系统静态电压及小扰动频率失稳风险增加。对此,该文考虑多元储能的协同互补作用,计及频率电压稳定性约束,提出一种多层级储能协同优化运行策略。首先,搭建风电场站级-电力系统级储能协同优化运行框架,据此提出场站级及系统级调度模型构建方法,并将线性化频率电压稳定性约束嵌入系统级调度模型;然后,采用主子问题分解迭代方法求解混合整数二阶锥系统级调度模型,避免直接求解导致的收敛缓慢或内存溢出问题;最后,开展算例分析,结果表明,所提策略能够有效平抑风电出力波动、提高风电场调频支撑能力,同时可有效兼顾系统运行经济性与频率电压稳定性要求。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	王廷涛
	苗世洪
	姚福星
	何立钢
	王佳旭
	谭昊宇

关键词 ：静态电压稳定, 小扰动频率稳定, 多层级储能, 主子问题分解迭代, 优化调度

Abstract：

The large-scale integration of wind power brings unprecedented challenges to the power system. On the one hand, the wind power characteristics of fluctuation and anti-peak regulation increase the burden of peak regulation and wind power consumption on the system. On the other hand, a high proportion of wind power occupies the output space of traditional synchronous generators, weakening the system's voltage support, inertial response, and primary frequency regulation (PFR) capabilities, increasing the risk of instability in the system's steady-state voltage stability (SSVS) and small-disturbance frequency stability (SDFS).
To solve the above problems, we can start from two perspectives: resources and strategies. At the resource level, setting up appropriate power-type and energy-type energy storage systems on the wind farm side and power system side respectively can alleviate the pressure of system regulation. At the strategy level, SSVS and SDFS constraints are taken into account in the conventional day-ahead dispatch strategy, which can ensure that the system operation scheme is far away from critical stability and instability and has sufficient stability margin. A dual approach can effectively ensure the safe and stable economic operation of the system. Based on the above ideas, a multi-level energy storage collaborative optimization operation strategy for power systems considering frequency and voltage stability constraints is proposed. Firstly, a energy storage collaborative optimization operation framework for wind farm level and power system level is designed. Based on this, the wind farm level and power system level dispatching models are constructed, incorporating linearized frequency and voltage stability constraints into the latter. Secondly, The master & sub problem decomposition iteration method is used to solve the power system level dispatching model with mixed integer second-order cone characteristics, avoiding slow convergence or memory overflow problems caused by direct solving. Finally, the case studies were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the case studies analysis: (1) The proposed SSVS constraints construction method transforms the limitation on the active power margin of regional loads into the system flow solvable verification problem under margin boundary conditions, avoiding solving the max-problem of the large-scale system flow solvable critical load in the min-problem of the system level dispatch, and improving the efficiency of solving the system level dispatch model. (2) The proposed SDFS constraints construction method takes into account the frequency regulation dead zone and power limiting of each unit. The initial frequency change rate and maximum frequency difference are calculated using difference equations, and the steady-state frequency difference is calculated using the final value theorem. The linearization of SDFS constraints is achieved, and the accuracy of the proposed frequency indexes calculation method is verified through Simulink simulation. (3) The proposed multi-level energy storage collaborative optimization operation strategy for power systems considering frequency and voltage stability constraints can not only fully leverage the rapid adjustment effect of the wind farm self-owned battery energy storage, effectively suppress the wind farm output fluctuations and improve the wind farm PFR support capacity, but also fully leverage the PFR and large-scale energy transfer effect of the pumped storage, achieving a comprehensive balance between system operation economy as well as frequency and voltage stability.

Key words： Steady-state voltage stability small-disturbance frequency stability multi-level energy storage master & sub problem decomposition iteration optimal dispatch

收稿日期: 2023-10-17

PACS:

TM73

基金资助:

国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目资助（5419-202199551A-0-5-ZN）

通讯作者: 苗世洪男,1963年生,教授,博士生导师,博士,研究方向为电力系统保护与控制、压缩空气储能系统等。E-mail：shmiao@hust.edu.cn

作者简介: 王廷涛男,1997年生,博士研究生,研究方向为电力系统优化调度及频率安全分析。E-mail：faputa_daisuki@139.com

引用本文:

王廷涛, 苗世洪, 姚福星, 何立钢, 王佳旭, 谭昊宇. 计及频率电压稳定性约束的电力系统多层级储能协同优化运行策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 231727-231727. Wang Tingtao, Miao Shihong, Yao Fuxing, He Ligang, Wang Jiaxu, Tan Haoyu. Multi-Level Energy Storage Collaborative Optimization Operation Strategy for Power Systems Considering Frequency and Voltage Stability Constraints. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 231727-231727.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231727 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/231727

[1] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 电力系统电压稳定评价导则: GB/T 40615—2021 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021.
[2] 冯治鸿, 刘取, 倪以信, 等. 多机电力系统电压静态稳定性分析——奇异值分解法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 1992, 12(3): 10-19.
Feng Zhihong, Liu Qu, Ni Yixin, et al.Analysis of steady-state voltage stability in multimachine power systems by singular value decomposition method[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 1992, 12(3): 10-19.
[3] Omi S, Shirai Y.Benders-decomposition-based voltage-stability-constrained unit-commitment taking reactive power limit into account[J]. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2023, 18(3): 375-385.
[4] Hamidreza Adeli S, Rabiee A, Taghipour Boroujeni S.Optimal re-dispatch of generating units ensuring small signal stability[J]. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2020, 14(18): 3692-3701.
[5] Zhang Ningyu, Wu Shengjun, An Haiyun, et al.Security-constraint unit commitment for AC/DC transmission systems with voltage stability constraint[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, 2020, 15(6): 2459-2469.
[6] Wang Chong, Ju Ping, Wu Feng, et al.Long-term voltage stability-constrained coordinated scheduling for gas and power grids with uncertain wind power[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2022, 13(1): 363-377.
[7] Song Tianhao, Han Xiaoqing, Zhang Baifu.Multi-time-scale optimal scheduling in active distribution network with voltage stability constraints[J]. Energies, 2021, 14(21): 7107.
[8] Chu Zhongda, Teng Fei.Voltage stability constrained unit commitment in power systems with high penetration of inverter-based generators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2023, 38(2): 1572-1582.
[9] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 电力系统安全稳定导则: GB 38755—2019[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2019.
[10] Li Kun, Ai Xiaomeng, Fang Jiakun, et al.Frequency security constrained robust unit commitment for sufficient deployment of diversified frequency support resources[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2024, 60(1): 1725-1737.
[11] Zhang Ziyang, Du Ershun, Teng Fei, et al.Modeling frequency dynamics in unit commitment with a high share of renewable energy[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2020, 35(6): 4383-4395.
[12] Yang Lun, Xu Yinliang, Zhou Jianguo, et al.Distributionally robust frequency constrained scheduling for an integrated electricity-gas system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2022, 13(4): 2730-2743.
[13] 李少岩, 曹珂, 顾雪平, 等. 多直流馈入受端系统与直流联络线协调恢复的一体化建模与求解[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(21): 5862-5877.
Li Shaoyan, Cao Ke, Gu Xueping, et al.Integrated modeling and solution for coordinated restoration of multi-infeed receiving-end systems and HVDC Tie lines[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(21): 5862-5877.
[14] 王廷涛, 苗世洪, 姚福星, 等. 计及动态频率响应约束的高比例风电电力系统日前-日内联合调度策略[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023: 1-19[2023-09-19]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20230307.1802.002.html.
Wang Tingtao, Miao Shihong, Yao Fuxing, et al. Day-ahead and intra-day joint dispatch strategy of high proportion wind power system considering dynamic frequency response constraints[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023: 1-19[2023-09-19]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20230307.1802.002.html.
[15] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 风电场接入电力系统技术规定第1部分:陆上风电: GB/T 19963.1—2021[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021.
[16] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 并网电源一次调频技术规定及试验导则: GB/T 40595—2021[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021.
[17] 谭晶, 何川, 陈保瑞, 等. 考虑水光蓄互补和直流外送的电力系统分布鲁棒优化调度方法[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023: 1-13[2023-09-19]. https:// kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20230711.1828.008.html.
Tan Jing, He Chuan, Chen Baorui, et al. Distributionally robust optimal scheduling method of power system considering hydropower-photovoltaic-pumped storage complementarity and DC transmission[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023: 1-13[2023-09-19]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20230711.1828.008.html.
[18] 王廷涛, 苗世洪, 张松岩, 等. 基于状态评估的多类型储能系统检修优化策略[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(10): 234-243.
Wang Tingtao, Miao Shihong, Zhang Songyan, et al.Maintenance optimization strategy of multi-type energy storage systems based on state evaluation[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(10): 234-243.
[19] 蔡杰, 王廷涛, 徐小琴, 等. 考虑输配协同的电网机组组合与技改计划联合优化模型[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2023, 43(1): 174-183.
Cai Jie, Wang Tingtao, Xu Xiaoqin, et al.Joint optimization model of power grid unit commitment and technical transformation plan considering transmission and distribution coordination[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2023, 43(1): 174-183.
[20] 李晓鹏, 李岩, 刘舒然, 等. 基于可变速抽水蓄能技术提升区域电网新能源消纳水平的研究[J]. 智慧电力, 2021, 49(10): 52-58, 112.
Li Xiaopeng, Li Yan, Liu Shuran, et al.Research on promotion of renewable energy integration into regional power grid by variable speed pumped storage technology[J]. Smart Power, 2021, 49(10): 52-58, 112.
[21] 姜涛, 张明宇, 崔晓丹, 等. 电力系统静态电压稳定域边界快速搜索的优化模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(17): 4167-4179.
Jiang Tao, Zhang Mingyu, Cui Xiaodan, et al.A novel optimization model to explore static voltage stability region boundary in bulk power systems[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(17): 4167-4179.
[22] Grigsby L L.Power System Stability and Control[M]. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2012.
[23] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 风力发电机组全功率变流器第1部分:技术条件: GB/T 25387.1—2021[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021.
[24] 陈刚, 刘万彬, 杨悦荣, 等. 考虑新能源不确定波动的交直流混联电网静态电压稳定裕度区间计算[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47(3): 1127-1137.
Chen Gang, Liu Wanbin, Yang Yuerong, et al.Calculation of static voltage stability margin interval for AC/DC hybrid power system considering the uncertainty of renewable energy[J]. Power System Technology, 2023, 47(3): 1127-1137.
[25] 李超, 苗世洪, 盛万兴, 等. 考虑动态网络重构的主动配电网优化运行策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(18): 3909-3919.
Li Chao, Miao Shihong, Sheng Wanxing, et al.Optimization operation strategy of active distribution network considering dynamic network reconfiguration[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(18): 3909-3919.
[26] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 电力系统安全稳定计算规范: GB/T 40581—2021 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2022.
[27] 朱浩昊, 朱继忠, 李盛林, 等. 基于Benders分解和纳什议价的分布式热电联合优化调度[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(21): 5808-5820.
Zhu Haohao, Zhu Jizhong, Li Shenglin, et al.Distributed combined heat and power optimal scheduling based on benders decomposition and Nash bargaining[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(21): 5808-5820.
[28] 吴晗, 欧阳森, 梁炜焜. 计及储能循环寿命的柔性配电网优化运行及效益均衡策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47(17): 99-109.
Wu Han, Ouyang Sen, Liang Weikun.Optimal operation and benefit balance strategy for flexible distribution network considering cycle life of energy storage[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2023, 47(17): 99-109.
[29] 顾雪平, 白岩松, 李少岩, 等. 考虑风电不确定性的电力系统恢复全过程两阶段鲁棒优化方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(21): 5462-5477.
Gu Xueping, Bai Yansong, Li Shaoyan, et al.Two stage robust optimization method for the whole-process power system restoration considering wind power uncertainty[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(21): 5462-5477.