镀锌线夹大气腐蚀温升特性及表征特征量研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231464

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摘要

大气化合物会腐蚀输电线路镀锌线夹,造成不可逆损伤,严重威胁电网安全。及时且准确地评估其腐蚀状态对线路运维具有重要意义。带电条件下,不同状态的线夹温升各异,可利用该特性进行腐蚀程度判断和定级。该文以镀锌并沟线夹为研究对象,采用实验室加速腐蚀试验与热循环试验相结合的方法,研究线夹在不同电流下被不同酸碱度、浓度腐蚀液腐蚀时,其外表面的腐蚀过程及温升特性。基于试验结果,定义表征腐蚀程度的特征量k,给出k值提取方法。结果表明,酸性和碱性环境腐蚀过程类似,但酸性产物会加重腐蚀,碱性产物对铝层有保护作用,盐雾腐蚀性最低,线夹在酸、碱和盐性环境中温升也逐渐降低;同一腐蚀环境中,溶液电导率和电流与线夹表面温升呈正相关。提取的k值可客观量化镀锌线夹腐蚀程度,基于此提出了腐蚀定级方法和便于工程应用的拟合方程。该文可为镀锌线夹实际腐蚀检测提供理论依据。

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关键词 ：导电镀锌线夹, 加速腐蚀试验, 温升, 红外热成像, 腐蚀识别

Abstract：

With the rapid development of the power system, the long-term safe and stable operation of overhead lines is of great importance. The galvanized clamps are the key connection component. Prolonged exposure to the natural environment causes them to suffer from varying degrees of atmospheric corrosion, resulting in localized failures and shortened operating life. However, there is no uniform standard for identifying the corrosion status of galvanized clamps. In current research, manual identification is somewhat subjective, and machine learning requires a large amount of data support. Other methods, such as ultrasonic reflection, are not suitable for overhead lines. To address these issues, this paper investigates the corrosion temperature rise characteristics of galvanized clamps and proposes a feature quantity to characterize the degree of atmospheric corrosion of galvanized clamps. Based on the measurement of the abnormal temperature rise, the corrosion state of the galvanized clamps can be effectively identified.
Firstly, the galvanized parallel clamps were considered as the object of research. An accelerated corrosion and thermal cycling test circuit was set up in the laboratory. The homemade electromagnetic induction coils were used as a stabilized AC power supply. The alternating wet and dry corrosion method was employed to simulate acidic, alkaline, and neutral corrosive environments in the atmosphere. The test current ranged from 240 A to 420 A with a step of 60 A according to IEEE and Chinese standards. Secondly, the surface states of galvanized clamps in various corrosive environments were observed with an electron microscope. The corrosion products and development processes were analyzed. The surface temperatures were measured and recorded by an infrared camera to characterize the temperature rise of the clamps in various corrosive environments. Finally, based on the test results, a feature quantity was defined and extracted, and the corrosion grading method and the fitting equation were proposed.
The acid corrosion process includes the formation of the white corrosion layer, the accumulation of the layer, and the exfoliation of the corrosion products. The products are mainly Al₂O₃, zinc sulfate salts, and SO₂, which aggravate corrosion. The alkaline corrosion process is similar to the acidic one, but most of the products are insoluble substances and have a protective effect on the inner aluminum layer. The neutral corrosion can be interpreted as the process of "dissolution - deposition - dissolution". The clamps have maximum temperature rise in an acidic environment. At the low conductivities of the solutions, the temperature rise curves are approximately linear for all of the environments. As the conductivities increase, the temperature rise gradually saturates. The corrosion rate also shows an upward trend as the current increases.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the tests and analysis: (1) The acidic environments have the greatest corrosive effect on galvanized clamps, followed by the alkaline and saline environments. (2) Under the same conditions, the temperature rise gradually decreases in acidic, alkaline, and saline environments. The conductivity and current are positively correlated with the temperature rise. (3) The corrosion feature quantity k can objectively characterize the corrosion state of galvanized conductive clamps, and realize accurate identification and grading of corrosion.

Key words： Galvanized conductive clamp accelerated corrosion test temperature rise infrared imaging corrosion identification

收稿日期: 2023-09-05

PACS:

TM75

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金重点项目资助（51637002）

通讯作者: 蒋兴良男,1961年生,博士,教授,研究方向为能源装备安全与灾害防御。E-mail：xljiang@cqu.edu.cn

作者简介: 廖乙男,1994年生,博士研究生,研究方向为输电线路故障诊断。E-mail：liaoyi@cqu.edu.cn

引用本文:

廖乙, 蒋兴良, 赵嘉诚, 张志劲, 黄武鸿. 镀锌线夹大气腐蚀温升特性及表征特征量研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 231464-231464. Liao Yi, Jiang Xingliang, Zhao Jiacheng, Zhang Zhijin, Huang Wuhong. Study on Temperature Rise Characteristics and Feature Quantity of Galvanized Clamps for Atmospheric Corrosion. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 231464-231464.

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