非线性弹性耦合下双馈风电机组的暂态能量转移与振荡特性分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.232071

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摘要

新能源与同步发电机组间高效暂态能量转移是新型电力系统抑制功率振荡的关键。本文首先分析同步发电机组和双馈风电机组间处于虚拟同步运行时的虚拟轴系耦合关系。其次,通过非线性功率耦合,引入立方刚度,建立非线性弹性耦合下含风电的两自由度系统动态模型。基于哈密顿原理,分析引入立方刚度后风电并网系统的暂态能量转移过程,推导机组间能量完全转移的必要条件,并提出双馈风电机组的非线性弹性耦合控制策略,依据所得必要条件完成控制器参数优化设计。最后,搭建风电高比例仿真系统,验证双馈风电机组在所提控制方法下能够高效转移暂态能量,显著提升其功率振荡抑制和频率支撑能力。

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	张祥宇
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关键词 ：风力发电, 弹性耦合, 功率振荡, 虚拟同步, 暂态能量

Abstract：

After large-scale integration of renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaics into the power grid, the dynamic stability of the system is affected, resulting in different types of power oscillations. The doubly-fed wind turbine is electrically decoupled from the grid frequency due to the grid-connected inverter connected to the grid. When the system frequency changes, it cannot provide effective power support. The virtual synchronous generator can provide frequency and power support for the system by simulating the operation characteristics of the synchronous generator. In order to further improve the grid-connected support performance of doubly-fed wind turbine, this paper introduces a cubic stiffness coupling link into the active power control system of the virtual synchronous generator. By establishing a two-degree-of-freedom system dynamic model with wind power under nonlinear elastic coupling, a nonlinear elastic coupling control strategy for doubly-fed wind turbine is proposed.
Firstly, the virtual shafting coupling relationship between synchronous generator and doubly-fed wind turbine in virtual synchronous operation is analyzed. Secondly, a two-degree-of-freedom system dynamic model with wind power under nonlinear elastic coupling is established by introducing cubic stiffness through nonlinear power coupling. Thirdly, based on the Hamiltonian principle, the transient energy transfer process of the wind power grid-connected system after introducing the cubic stiffness is analyzed, and the inertia setting condition between the units are derived. Finally, a nonlinear elastic coupling control strategy based on doubly-fed wind turbine is proposed. And the parameters of controller are optimized according to the inertia setting condition. The doubly-fed wind turbine is used to efficiently transfer transient energy and effectively suppress power oscillation.
Simulation analysis of the proposed nonlinear elastic coupling control shows that under the nonlinear elastic coupling, when the power oscillation occurs in the system, the power support potential of the doubly-fed wind turbine is further released, and the transient energy of the synchronous generator is efficiently transferred to wind turbine, which effectively suppresses the system power oscillation. When the system frequency changes, the doubly-fed wind turbine reduces the drop amplitude of the system frequency by providing effective power support, and reduces the power fluctuation amplitude of the synchronous generator, which significantly improves the stability of the system.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation analysis: (1) The doubly-fed wind turbine can provide inertia and damping support for the system under virtual synchronous control, but the synchronous operation mode limits the power support potential of the wind turbine, and the virtual inertia delays the recovery of the system frequency. (2) After satisfying the inertia ratio and cubic stiffness optimization conditions, the doubly-fed wind turbine under nonlinear elastic coupling can efficiently transfer the transient energy of the synchronous generator, effectively suppress the power oscillation, and significantly reduce the risk of system resonance. (3) Under the proposed nonlinear elastic coupling control strategy, the grid-connected support performance of the doubly-fed wind turbine is significantly improved by efficiently transferring the system transient energy to the new energy side. By comparing the stability support effects of maximum power point tracking control, virtual synchronous control and nonlinear elastic coupling control through simulation, it is verified that the doubly-fed wind turbine can more effectively release its power oscillation suppression and frequency support potential under the proposed control.

Key words： Wind power generation elastic coupling power oscillation virtual synchronous transient energy

收稿日期: 2023-12-13

PACS:

TM614

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（52277100）、河北省自然科学基金（E2023502038）和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2023MS101）资助项目

通讯作者: 张祥宇男,1984年生,副教授,博士,研究方向为新能源发电与智能电网。E-mail: zh.xy.sq@163.com

作者简介: 黄泳漩男,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为新能源并网稳定性分析及控制。E-mail: 2061646345@qq.com

引用本文:

张祥宇, 黄泳漩, 付媛. 非线性弹性耦合下双馈风电机组的暂态能量转移与振荡特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2024031408-2024031408. Zhang Xiangyu, Huang Yongxuan, Fu Yuan. Transient Energy Transfer and Oscillation Characteristics Analysis of Doubly-fed Wind Turbine Under Nonlinear Elastic Coupling. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2024031408-2024031408.

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