电动汽车驱动/充电一体化系统及其控制策略综述

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230583

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摘要

传统电动汽车驱动和充电系统相互独立工作,存在充电容量小、重量体积大、成本高等问题。而驱动充电一体化系统通过将电机绕组和逆变器进行合理重构,复用于充电系统,可以实现系统轻量化和高度集成化,进一步提高了系统功率密度。本文首先对当前国内外提出的驱动充电一体化拓扑结构进行归纳总结分类,论述各类型一体化拓扑结构的工作原理、优点以及存在的主要问题。接着针对目前驱动充电一体化系统存在的关键技术问题对电动汽车不同运行模式下控制策略进行综述。最后,对电动汽车驱动充电一体化系统的发展趋势进行展望。

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	王晓姬
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关键词 ：驱动充电系统, 一体化拓扑, 电动汽车, 控制策略

Abstract：

As a clean energy transportation, electric vehicles have attracted more and more attention due to their mature technology and low cost. However, the ability to charge the on-board power supply easily and efficiently has become one of the key factors limiting the industrialization of electric vehicles. Currently, AC slow-charging on-board charging system is considered as an effective solution to alleviate the charging problem of electric vehicles.
The on-board charging system can make electric vehicles less dependent on charging posts and more convenient to charge. However, Traditional drive and charging systems operate independently of each other, which undoubtedly causes an increase in the size and weight of electric vehicles and limits the charging capacity. To solve this problem, the drive-charging integrated topology has been proposed to improve the utilization of on-board devices and effectively reduce costs.
At present, the proposed drive-charging integrated systems vary in terms of their on-board charging system performance. Based on the existing studies, the drive-charging integrated topologies proposed in various literatures have been sorted out, and they are classified and summarized according to different applications. It can be found that voltage matching, fast energy matching, electrical isolation and rotor vibration noise in charging mode are still the key technical issues that need to be solved. And the control strategies used to optimize the system performance in different operation modes are reviewed.
The research on drive-charging integrated system is one of the main trends to increase the power density of electric vehicles. At present, there are still many problems that need to be solved. As a major research hotspot in the future, the following aspects related to the drive-charging integrated system should be considered:
1) In order to meet the requirements of portability and economy, the number of accessory components needs to be minimized to reduce the system manufacturing cost. In addition, the topology should be as simple as possible to avoid the problems of equipment failures and losses caused by switching devices and improve the system reliability.
2) To better deal with the problem of matching the voltage between the on-board battery and the DC bus, a two-stage topology needs to be constructed. Tapping into new motor structure designs with two independent windings will be a continuous development research direction.
3) The reliability of the system in charging mode and the issue of energy conversion efficiency and losses in the electrical isolation section need to be studied more thoroughly.
4) The current flowing through the motor winding during the charging mode will produce electromagnetic torque. The motor winding multiplexed as charging inductor using current equalization control and multiplexed as a resolver to reduce motor vibration noise will be a hot spot for future research.
5) In the motoring and braking modes, the research on real-time tracking of load energy, energy detection of energy storage elements and dynamic energy distribution of hybrid power system are conducted to achieve energy utilization efficiency improvement. In the charging and V2G modes, control optimization based on the charging and discharging efficiency of the hybrid power system and auxiliary power quality regulation of the grid are required. In addition, adopting a multi-objective optimal control strategy to achieve the best energy utilization efficiency of the power system in a complete operating cycle will also be the mainstream of future integrated system research.

Key words： Drive-charging system integrated topology electric vehicles control strategy

PACS:

TM351

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（51977125）资助项目

通讯作者: 王道涵男,1980年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新能源汽车驱动系统设计与控制。E-mail：dhwang@sdu.edu.cn

作者简介: 王晓姬女,1996年生,博士研究生,研究方向为电动汽车驱动充电一体化系统。E-mail：wangxiaoji@mail.sdu.edu.cn

引用本文:

王晓姬, 王道涵, 王柄东, 王秀和. 电动汽车驱动/充电一体化系统及其控制策略综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 239623-239623. Wang Xiaoji, Wang Daohan, Wang Bingdong, Wang Xiuhe. A Review of Drive-charging Integrated Systems and Control Strategies for Electric Vehicles. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 239623-239623.

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