Motion Behaviors and Partial Discharge Characteristics of Metallic Particles in Moving Transformer Oil under AC/DC Composite Voltage
Yao Yuhang1, Pan Cheng1, Tang Ju1, Luo Xinyu2, Xia Suyi1
1. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China; 2. State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute Chengdu 610041 China
Abstract：The characteristics of PD of free metal particles in flowing transformer oil are closely related to its motion behaviors. In this paper, a circulation flow device of transformer oil and an observation system of particle motion under AC-DC composite voltage were established, and the movement characteristics of free metal particles were obtained. In addition, the PD experiment under AC-DC composite voltage was carried out, and the PD characteristics were obtained. It was found that the PD intensity under AC voltages was the strongest. The PD inception voltages became lower, and discharge repetition rates, mean discharge magnitude, and accumulation discharge magnitude per were stronger as the DC component increased. In order to analyze the experimental results, a laminar solid-liquid two-phase flow model coupled with electric fields was constructed to simulate particle trajectories. It was found that the particles under AC voltages only moved back and forth near the lower electrode, colliding with electrode frequently. When applied voltages contained DC components, the particles moved back and forth between the parallel electrodes. And the landing-point spacing became shorter as the DC component increased. And the simulation result was highly consistent with the experimental results. Based on the validated simulation model, the influence of the applied voltages on PD characteristics was clarified.
姚雨杭, 潘成, 唐炬, 骆欣瑜, 夏苏怡. 交直流复合电压下流动变压器油中金属微粒运动规律和局部放电特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(15): 3101-3112.
Yao Yuhang, Pan Cheng, Tang Ju, Luo Xinyu, Xia Suyi. Motion Behaviors and Partial Discharge Characteristics of Metallic Particles in Moving Transformer Oil under AC/DC Composite Voltage. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(15): 3101-3112.
[1] 刘振亚. 特高压直流输电理论[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2009. [2] 赵畹君. 高压直流输电工程技术[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2004. [3] 田冀焕, 周远翔, 郭绍伟, 等. 直流换流站阀厅内三维电场的分布式并行计算[J]. 高电压技术, 2010, 36(5): 1205-1210. Tian Jihuan, Zhou Yuanxiang, Guo Shaowei, et al.Distributed parallel computation of the 3D electric field in the HVDC converter valve hall[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2010, 36(5): 1205-1210. [4] 董新洲, 汤涌, 卜广全, 等. 大型交直流混联电网安全运行面临的问题与挑战[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(11): 3107-3118. Dong Xinzhou, Tang Yong, Bu Guangquan, et al.Confronting problem and challenge of large scale AC-DC hybrid power grid operation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(11): 3107-3118. [5] 陈鑫, 郝建, 冯大伟, 等. 三元混合式绝缘油和矿物油的雷电冲击击穿及产气特性对比分析研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(4): 232-244. Chen Xin, Hao Jian, Feng Dawei, et al.Comparative study on lightning impulse breakdown and gas production characteristics of three-element mixed insulation oil and mineral oil[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(4): 232-244. [6] Mahmud S, Chen G, Golosnoy I O, et al.Bridging phenomenon in contaminated transformer oil[C]//IEEE International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis, Bali, Indonesia, 2012: 180-183. [7] 杜伯学, 朱闻博, 李进,等. 换流变压器阀侧套管油纸绝缘研究现状[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(6):186-195. Du Boxue, Zhu Wenbo, Li Jin, et al.Research status of oil-paper insulation for valve side bushing of converter transformer[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(6):186-195. [8] Krause C.Power transformer insulation-history, technology and design[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2013, 19(6): 1941-1947. [9] Fleszyński J, Lutyński B.Macroparticle-initiated breakdown of insulating oil[C]//1984 Eighth International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Dielectric Liquids, Pavia, Italy, 1984: 275-280. [10] Rain P, Tobazéon R.Behaviour of free conducting particles and their role on breakdown in oils under AC and DC voltages[C]//International Conference on Dielectric Materials, Manchester, UK, 1992: 96-99. [11] 温嘉烨, 李元, 林道鸿, 等. 交流电压下变压器油中流注发展时空演化的光-电信号特征研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(4):206-214. Wen Jiaye, Li Yuan, Lin Daohong, et al.Optical and electrical characteristics on space-time evolution of streamer propagation in transformer oil under AC voltage[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(4):206-214. [12] 郝建, 但敏, 廖瑞金, 等. 颗粒属性对矿物绝缘油直流击穿特性的影响差异及原因分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(24): 5270-5281. Hao Jian, Dan Min, Liao Ruijin, et al.Influence of particle properties on DC breakdown characteristics of mineral oil and its difference reason analysis[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(24): 5270-5281. [13] Sarathi R, Sundarsan R V N V, Roy S. Motion of a particle in the transformer oil under composite voltages[C]//The 11th National Power Systems Conference (NPSC 2000 ) Bangalore, India, 2000: 125-129. [14] Choi C, Yatsuzuka K, Asano K.Dynamic motion of a conductive particle in viscous fluid under DC electric field[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2001, 37(3): 785-791. [15] Wang Youyuan, Li Yuanlong, Wei Chao, et al.Copper particle effect on the breakdown strength of insulating oil at combined AC and DC voltage[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 2017, 12(2): 865-873. [16] 骆欣瑜, 唐炬, 潘成, 等. 直流均匀电场下流动变压器油中金属微粒运动行为研究[J]. 高电压技术, 2020, 46(3): 824-831. Luo Xinyu, Tang Ju, Pan Cheng, et al.Motion behaviors of metallic particles in moving transformer oil under uniform DC electricfields[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2020, 46(3): 824-831. [17] Wu Kai, Zhu Qingdong, Wang Haosen, et al.Space charge behavior in the sample with two layers of oil-immersed-paper and oil[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics & Electrical Insulation, 2014, 21(4): 1857-1865. [18] 骆欣瑜. 换流变压器油道中带电自由金属微粒运动规律和局部放电特性研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学. 2020. [19] Lee H Y, Hsu I S.Particle spinning motion during saltating process[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1996, 122(10): 587-590. [20] IEC 61010Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use[S]. Geneva: IEC Publication, 2001. [21] IEC 60270 High-voltage test techniques-partial discharge measurements[S]. Geneva: IEC Publication, 2000. [22] 井永腾. 大容量变压器中油流分布与绕组温度场研究[D]. 沈阳: 沈阳工业大学, 2014. [23] 张永泽, 唐炬, 潘成, 等. 温度对流动变压器油中悬移气泡局部放电特性的影响与作用机制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(6): 1357-1367. Zhang Yongze, Tang Ju, Pan Cheng, et al.Effects of temperature on partial discharge characteristics induced by suspended bubbles in flowing transformer oil and the mechanism[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(6): 1357-1367. [24] Peker S M, Helvaci S S.Solid-liquid two phase flow[M]. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2011. [25] Ho B P, Leal L G.Inertial migration of rigid spheres in two-dimensional unidirectional flows[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1974, 65(2): 365-400. [26] 孙继星, 陈维江, 李志兵, 等. 直流电场下运动金属微粒的带电估算与碰撞分析[J]. 高电压技术, 2018, 44(3): 779-786. Sun Jixing, Chen Weijiang, Li Zhibing, et al.Charge estimation and impact analysis of moving metal particle under DC electric field[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(3): 779-786. [27] Tang Ju, Ma Shouxiao, Zhang Mingjun, et al.Motion characteristics of a charged metal particle in insulating oil under flow state[J]. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical & Electronic Engineering, 2017, 12(4): 484-490. [28] 王国强, 郝万军, 王继新. 离散单元法及其在EDEM上的实践[M]. 西安: 西北工业大学出版社, 2010. [29] Pan Cheng, Tang Ju, Zhang Yongze, et al.Variation of discharge characteristics with temperature in moving transformer oil contaminated by metallic particles[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6: 40050-40058. [30] Pan Cheng, Tang Ju, Tao Xiantao, et al.Partial discharge and breakdown characteristics of moving transformer oil contaminated by metallic particles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2018, 25(5): 1774-1784. [31] Tobazéon R.Electrohydrodynamic behaviour of single spherical or cylindrical conducting particles in an insulating liquid subjected to a uniform DC field[J]. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 1996, 29(10): 2595-2608. [32] Morshuis P H F, Smit J J. Partial discharges at DC voltage: their mechanism, detection and analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2005, 12(2): 328-340. [33] Fromm U.Interpretation of partial discharges at DC voltages[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 1995, 2(5): 761-770. [34] Serge B, Mor A R, Morshuis P H F, et al. Partial discharge recognition of insulation defects in HVDC GIS and a calibration approach[C]//2015 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC), Seattle, USA, 2015: 564-567. [35] Ushakov V Y.Impulse breakdown of liquids[M]. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2007.
2021, Vol. 36 
